ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Practice A Questions
Question 1 of 5
Mannitol (Osmitrol), an osmotic diuretic, is contraindicated to which conditions? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Mannitol is contraindicated in patients with narrow-angle glaucoma. It can exacerbate the condition by causing an increase in intraocular pressure, leading to potential vision damage or loss.
Therefore, caution should be exercised and alternative treatments considered for patients with narrow-angle glaucoma when considering the use of mannitol.
Question 2 of 5
When administering heparin subcutaneously, the nurse will follow which procedure?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: When administering heparin subcutaneously, the nurse should use a - to -inch, 25- to 30-gauge needle to inject the medication into the subcutaneous tissue. This needle size is appropriate for delivering the medication effectively and safely in the subcutaneous layer rather than deeper into the muscle. Using the correct needle size helps ensure proper absorption and reduces the risk of complications such as bleeding or bruising at the injection site.
Question 3 of 5
A 77-year-old man who has been diagnosed with an upper respiratory tract infection tells the nurse that he is allergic to penicillin. Which is the most appropriate response by the nurse?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: When a patient reports a drug allergy, it is essential for the nurse to gather specific information about the nature of the reaction. Asking, 'What type of reaction did you have when you took penicillin?' allows the nurse to determine whether the reaction was a true allergy (e.g., anaphylaxis) or a side effect (e.g., gastrointestinal upset). This information is critical for guiding treatment decisions and avoiding potentially life-threatening situations. Dismissing the allergy or making assumptions about its relevance based on the patient's age is inappropriate and could compromise patient safety.
Therefore, the nurse's priority is to assess the details of the allergic reaction.
Question 4 of 5
A 34-year-old man with seasonal allergic rhinitis that has been refractory to oral antihistamines is now placed on Singulair, a leukotriene receptor blocker, to see if this will improve symptoms. Important interactions with this medication include which of the following?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Singulair (montelukast) interacts with rifampin , a CYP3A4 inducer that reduces montelukast levels, decreasing efficacy. Ampicillin , chloramphenicol , and tetracycline lack significant interactions. Rifampin's effect is key in refractory rhinitis.
Question 5 of 5
When taking Nitroglycerine (transdermal), you should have how many hours nitrate free each day?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: When using Nitroglycerine transdermal patches, it is recommended to have a nitrate-free period of at least 10-12 hours each day to prevent the development of tolerance to the medication. Continuous exposure to nitrates can lead to a decrease in efficacy over time. By having a nitrate-free interval each day, the body has a chance to "reset" and maintain the effectiveness of the medication for angina control. It is crucial to follow this dosing schedule as directed by a healthcare provider to ensure optimal benefits and reduce the risk of tolerance.