ATI RN
ATI Nursing Care of Children 2019 B Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is assisting a child with celiac disease to select foods from a menu. What foods should the nurse suggest?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Corn on the cob with butter. Corn is a gluten-free option suitable for children with celiac disease.
Choice A is incorrect because the bun contains gluten, so suggesting a hamburger patty without the bun is a better option.
Choice B is not ideal as spaghetti often contains gluten, but spaghetti with marinara sauce could be a safer choice if the spaghetti is gluten-free.
Choice D, rice cakes with hummus, is a gluten-free alternative, but corn on the cob is a more straightforward and common choice for children.
Question 2 of 5
Which sign is indicative of developmental dysplasia of the hip in infants?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The Ortolani sign is a specific maneuver used during physical examination to detect hip instability or dislocation in infants. A positive Ortolani sign, where the hip is felt to slip back into the socket, is indicative of developmental dysplasia of the hip, a condition that can lead to long-term disability if not treated early. Romberg sign is used to assess sensory ataxia, Trendelenburg sign indicates weakness of the hip abductor muscles, and Gower's sign is seen in children with proximal muscle weakness climbing up their own body from a supine position due to conditions like muscular dystrophy.
Question 3 of 5
What is the first-line treatment for a febrile seizure in a child?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is Antipyretics. Febrile seizures in children are usually associated with fever. The first-line treatment aims to reduce fever, which can help prevent febrile seizures. Antipyretics like acetaminophen or ibuprofen are commonly used for this purpose. Anticonvulsants, while used for treating seizures, are not typically the first-line treatment for febrile seizures as they are usually self-limited and resolve on their own. Cooling blankets can be used to lower body temperature in cases of hyperthermia but are not the primary treatment for febrile seizures. IV fluids may be administered in cases of dehydration due to fever or if the child cannot tolerate oral intake, but they are not the first-line treatment for febrile seizures.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for an infant who had surgical repair of a tracheoesophageal fistula 24 hours ago. Gastrostomy feedings have not been started. What do nursing actions related to the gastrostomy tube include?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Leaving the gastrostomy tube open to gravity drainage prevents the accumulation of air and fluids, reducing the risk of complications such as vomiting or aspiration in the immediate postoperative period. Keeping the tube clamped or suctioning it can lead to pressure buildup, increasing the risk of complications. Securing the tube with tape is important but not the primary action related to the gastrostomy tube in this case.
Question 5 of 5
Which pediatric disorder is associated with a 'boot-shaped' heart on a chest x-ray?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Tetralogy of Fallot. Tetralogy of Fallot is often associated with a 'boot-shaped' heart appearance on a chest x-ray due to the characteristic heart anatomy in this condition. This appearance is caused by the combination of pulmonary stenosis, overriding aorta, ventricular septal defect, and right ventricular hypertrophy.
Choice B, Transposition of the great arteries, is incorrect because it presents with a 'egg-on-a-string' appearance on x-ray due to the abnormal position of the aorta and pulmonary artery.
Choice C, Coarctation of the aorta, typically presents with rib notching on x-ray.
Choice D, Ventricular septal defect, does not produce the 'boot-shaped' heart appearance seen in Tetralogy of Fallot.