ATI RN
Adult Health Nursing Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
Mr. M is receiving hospice care for a terminal illness. He wants to make sure his daughter is allowed to make any decisions regarding his care should he become unable to do so. What document would permit his daughter to do this?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Durable power of attorney. This legal document allows Mr. M to appoint his daughter as his healthcare proxy, granting her the authority to make medical decisions on his behalf if he becomes incapacitated. A: Expressed contract involves clear terms agreed upon by both parties, not relevant here. B: Implied contract arises from actions rather than explicit agreement, not applicable in this situation. D: A living will outlines an individual's medical treatment preferences, but does not grant decision-making authority to another person.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is preparing to assist with a lumbar epidural steroid injection (LESI) procedure for a patient with chronic back pain. What action should the nurse prioritize to ensure procedural accuracy?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: A
Rationale:
1. Confirming the patient's identity ensures the right patient is receiving the intended procedure.
2. Verifying the procedure site using two identifiers prevents errors in site selection.
3. This step aligns with the World Health Organization's Surgical Safety Checklist, reducing the risk of wrong-site procedures.
4. Positioning, sedation, and local anesthesia are important but secondary to ensuring the correct patient and site.
Summary:
- Option B: Positioning is essential but not the top priority for procedural accuracy.
- Option C: Sedation aims to minimize discomfort but does not guarantee procedural accuracy.
- Option D: Administering local anesthesia is crucial but not as critical as confirming patient identity and procedure site.
Question 3 of 5
A patient is prescribed a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) for the treatment of depression. Which adverse effect should the nurse monitor closely in the patient?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Hyponatremia. SSRI medications can lead to the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH), causing hyponatremia. This occurs due to increased levels of serotonin affecting the hypothalamus, leading to excessive ADH release. Hyponatremia can result in neurological symptoms and must be closely monitored.
A: Bradycardia is not a common adverse effect of SSRIs.
B: Hyperkalemia is not typically associated with SSRIs.
D: Hypertension is not a common adverse effect of SSRIs; they may actually lower blood pressure.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the indicators BEST describes an effective outcome of school nursing programs and initiatives.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because zero absenteeism and tardiness of pupils indicate that the school nursing programs are effectively promoting student health and well-being. This outcome shows that students are healthy, engaged, and present in school, which is a key goal of school nursing initiatives.
Choice B is incorrect as teachers being observers does not directly measure the effectiveness of the nursing programs.
Choice C is incorrect as limited information hinders the success and impact of school health initiatives.
Choice D is incorrect as constant visits and phone calls from parents may not necessarily reflect the success of the nursing programs.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following cell types is primarily responsible for presenting antigens to T cells during the immune response?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Macrophages. Macrophages are antigen-presenting cells that engulf pathogens and present their antigens to T cells, initiating an immune response. They express major histocompatibility complex (MH
C) molecules necessary for T cell recognition. B cells also present antigens but primarily to B cells for antibody production. NK cells are involved in killing infected cells, not antigen presentation. Eosinophils are mainly involved in allergic responses and defense against parasites, not antigen presentation.