You're discharging Nathaniel with hepatitis B. Which statement suggests understanding by the patient?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is option D: "My family knows that if I get tired and start vomiting, I may be getting sick again." This statement indicates patient understanding because it shows awareness of the signs and symptoms of hepatitis B recurrence, emphasizing the importance of monitoring for early indications of illness. This reflects a proactive approach to managing the condition and seeking timely medical intervention if needed. Option A is incorrect because having had hepatitis B previously does not confer immunity from future infections or reinfections. Option B is incorrect as individuals with hepatitis B are typically deferred from donating blood due to the risk of transmitting the virus. Option C is also incorrect as ongoing liver damage can occur from alcohol consumption, especially in the context of hepatitis B. From an educational perspective, this question assesses the patient's understanding of hepatitis B management and self-care measures post-discharge. It highlights the importance of patient education in promoting self-awareness, early recognition of symptoms, and adherence to follow-up care to prevent disease progression and complications.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Rationale: The correct answer is A) Encourage her to not worry about the future. This response is not appropriate because it dismisses the patient's valid concerns and emotions regarding her illness. As a nurse, it is essential to acknowledge and validate the patient's feelings, including anxiety about the duration of her recovery. By encouraging her not to worry, we are not addressing her emotional needs and may come across as dismissive. Option B) Encouraging the patient to express her feelings about the illness is appropriate because it promotes open communication and allows the patient to share her concerns, fears, and emotions, which can be therapeutic. Option C) Discussing the effects of hepatitis B on future health problems is also appropriate as it provides the patient with important information about the potential long-term implications of her condition, enabling her to make informed decisions about her health. Option D) Providing avenues for financial counseling if she expresses the need is also appropriate as hepatitis B treatment can be costly, and addressing financial concerns can help reduce stress and promote the patient's overall well-being. In an educational context, this question highlights the importance of therapeutic communication and addressing the holistic needs of patients beyond their physical symptoms. Nurses play a crucial role in providing emotional support, education, and resources to help patients cope with their illnesses and make informed decisions about their health.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A) Give diazepam in the I.V. port closest to the vein. This is the correct option because when administering medications intravenously, it is crucial to deliver them directly into the bloodstream to ensure rapid and accurate absorption. Placing the medication in the I.V. port closest to the vein allows for immediate entry into the circulation, promoting the desired therapeutic effect. Option B) Mix diazepam with 50 ml of dextrose 5% in water and give over 15 minutes is incorrect because diluting diazepam in a solution and administering it over a prolonged period can delay the onset of action and potentially reduce the drug's effectiveness. Option C) Give diazepam rapidly I.V. to prevent the bloodstream from diluting the drug mixture is incorrect as rapid administration of diazepam can lead to adverse effects such as respiratory depression and hypotension. It is essential to administer the medication at a safe and appropriate rate to prevent harm to the patient. Option D) Question the order because I.V. administration of diazepam is contraindicated is incorrect as diazepam can be administered intravenously when prescribed by a healthcare provider. However, the method of administration must follow proper guidelines to ensure patient safety. In an educational context, understanding the correct administration of intravenous medications is crucial for nurses, especially in a medical-surgical setting. Nurses must have a solid knowledge base of pharmacology and medication administration principles to provide safe and effective care to patients. Proper administration of medications like diazepam is essential to prevent adverse reactions and promote positive patient outcomes.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In teaching colostomy care to patients like Annebell, it's crucial to emphasize accurate information to promote proper self-care and prevent complications. Option A is correct because a slight bleeding when touched is normal for a healthy stoma due to its rich blood supply. This bleeding helps keep the stoma healthy. Option B is incorrect because a dark or bluish hue indicates poor blood flow, which can be a sign of ischemia and tissue damage. Option C is incorrect as a burning sensation under the faceplate is not normal and may indicate skin irritation or infection. Option D is incorrect because a swollen stoma that is not flush with the abdomen could indicate inflammation or a prolapsed stoma. Educationally, understanding stoma appearance and characteristics is essential for patients with colostomies to detect early signs of complications and seek timely medical intervention. By teaching accurate information, nurses empower patients to care for their stomas effectively and maintain their overall health and well-being.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In this scenario, option D is the correct method when irrigating a gaping abdominal incision with sterile normal saline solution using a piston syringe. Continuous irrigation is essential to ensure thorough cleansing of the wound and removal of debris or bacteria that may contribute to delayed wound healing. Option A is incorrect because rapidly instilling the solution can cause trauma to the wound bed and may not effectively clean the area. Option B, applying a wet-to-dry dressing after irrigation, is inappropriate as this method can disrupt the wound healing process by promoting tissue adherence to the dressing. Option C, moistening the area around the wound after irrigation, does not address the need for thorough wound cleansing. In the context of medical-surgical nursing, understanding proper wound care techniques is crucial for promoting optimal healing and preventing complications such as infection. Nurses must be knowledgeable about irrigation methods to provide effective care for patients with surgical wounds. Continuous irrigation until the solution becomes clear or is fully used ensures adequate wound cleansing and sets the stage for successful wound healing.