Your depressed patient has suddenly changed to being more cheerful and tells you he wants to reduce the clutter at home and give away some prized possessions to friends. What should be your response?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct response to the scenario described is option C) Ask the patient if he has any thoughts about suicide. This is the right choice because the sudden change in behavior from being depressed to cheerful, wanting to reduce clutter, and giving away prized possessions could be indicative of a potential suicidal risk. These actions may signal a shift towards a decision to end one's life. Option A) I'm glad you are feeling better, is incorrect because it fails to address the potential underlying risk of suicide and may overlook important warning signs. Option B) I'll tell the doctor and maybe he will reduce your dose of antidepressant, is incorrect as it assumes the change in behavior is solely due to medication dosage without considering the possibility of suicidal thoughts. Option D) Document what the patient tells you and see another patient, is incorrect as it neglects the immediate need for a thorough evaluation of the patient's current mental state and potential suicidal ideation. In an educational context, it is crucial for healthcare professionals to be vigilant for signs of suicide risk, especially in patients with mood disorders. Sudden changes in behavior, even if initially positive, should prompt further assessment for suicidal thoughts or intentions. It is essential to respond promptly and appropriately to mitigate the risk of harm to the patient.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In understanding patients with antisocial personality disorder, it is crucial to recognize their characteristic traits and behaviors. The correct answer, option A) "Generally must have immediate gratification," aligns with the impulsive and self-centered nature commonly seen in individuals with this disorder. Patients with antisocial personality disorder often prioritize their own needs and desires above those of others, seeking immediate satisfaction without regard for consequences or the well-being of others. Option B) "Display a great deal of responsibility toward others," is incorrect as individuals with antisocial personality disorder typically demonstrate a lack of empathy, guilt, or responsibility towards others. Their behavior is marked by a pattern of disregard for the rights of others, manipulation, and deceit. Option C) "Display a great deal of anxiety," is also incorrect because while individuals with antisocial personality disorder may exhibit aggression or irritability, anxiety is not a defining characteristic of this disorder. They often show a lack of remorse and indifference to social norms and rules. Option D) "Have obsessive thoughts when in a social situation," is inaccurate as well. Antisocial personality disorder is not typically associated with obsessive thoughts but rather with a pattern of disregard for the feelings and rights of others. Educationally, understanding the specific traits and behaviors associated with different personality disorders is essential for healthcare professionals, especially when considering treatment options such as psychotropic medications. By grasping the core features of antisocial personality disorder, practitioners can tailor interventions to address the unique needs and challenges of these individuals, promoting more effective and individualized care.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In the case of Nancy, who has antisocial personality disorder, the goal of treatment should be focused on long-term therapy (Option B). Explanation of why Option B is correct: Long-term therapy is essential for individuals with antisocial personality disorder as it provides a structured and supportive environment where Nancy can explore her thoughts, emotions, and behaviors. Through therapy, Nancy can work on developing insight into her condition, learn coping strategies, improve her interpersonal skills, and work on changing maladaptive patterns of behavior commonly associated with this disorder. Explanation of why the other options are incorrect: A) Complying with her medication regimen (Option A) may be important for certain mental health conditions, but it is not the primary goal for individuals with antisocial personality disorder. Medication is not a primary treatment modality for this disorder. C) Becoming a group facilitator (Option C) is not a typical goal for treating antisocial personality disorder. While engaging in activities that promote social skills can be beneficial, becoming a group facilitator is not a standard or primary treatment goal. D) Eliminating her anxiety (Option D) is not the primary goal for treating antisocial personality disorder. While addressing anxiety may be part of the treatment plan, the core focus should be on addressing the underlying issues related to the disorder itself. Educational context: Understanding the goals of treatment for different mental health conditions is crucial for healthcare professionals, especially those working in mental health settings. By recognizing the specific needs of individuals with antisocial personality disorder and tailoring treatment goals accordingly, healthcare providers can offer more effective and person-centered care. This question highlights the importance of individualized treatment plans based on the unique characteristics and challenges associated with each mental health condition.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In understanding why option A is the correct answer regarding schizotypal personality disorder, it is crucial to consider the diagnostic criteria for this condition. Schizotypal personality disorder is characterized by a pervasive pattern of social and interpersonal deficits, including reduced capacity for close relationships. Individuals with this disorder often experience discomfort in social situations and have distorted thinking patterns. This description aligns with option A, making it the most accurate choice. Option B, which describes disregard and violation of the rights of others, is more characteristic of antisocial personality disorder. Individuals with antisocial personality disorder display a pattern of behavior that disregards the rights of others and often engage in deceitful or aggressive behavior. Option C, referring to a pattern of preoccupation with orderliness and perfectionism, is more indicative of obsessive-compulsive personality disorder. This disorder involves a fixation on perfectionism, control, and orderliness, which is distinct from the symptoms of schizotypal personality disorder. Option D, which mentions pervasive submissive and clinging behavior, is more in line with dependent personality disorder. Individuals with dependent personality disorder exhibit excessive reliance on others to meet their emotional and physical needs, contrasting with the social and interpersonal deficits seen in schizotypal personality disorder. In an educational context, understanding the nuances of different personality disorders is crucial for mental health professionals to make accurate diagnoses and provide effective treatment. By differentiating between the specific criteria for each disorder, clinicians can tailor interventions to address the unique symptoms and challenges presented by individuals with these conditions. This knowledge ultimately contributes to more personalized and effective care for individuals with personality disorders.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In the case of a tricyclic antidepressant overdose, the nurse should prioritize interventions that address the potential life-threatening complications associated with this type of toxicity. The correct answer, option C - Administration of an antipyretic, is not a recommended measure in this situation. Tricyclic antidepressant overdoses are known to cause a variety of serious symptoms, including cardiac arrhythmias, seizures, and respiratory depression. Therefore, the priority interventions should focus on stabilizing the client's condition. Maintaining a patent airway (option A) is crucial to ensure proper oxygenation and ventilation. Administration of sodium bicarbonate (option B) is essential in tricyclic antidepressant overdoses as it helps to counteract the cardiac toxicity associated with these medications by treating the sodium channel blockade. Obtaining an electrocardiogram (option D) is vital to monitor the client's cardiac status and detect any potential arrhythmias early. In an educational context, understanding the specific interventions required for different medication overdoses is vital for nurses and healthcare providers working in emergency settings. This knowledge enables them to provide timely and appropriate care to stabilize the client's condition and prevent further complications. By prioritizing interventions based on the specific overdose scenario, healthcare professionals can improve patient outcomes and ensure safe and effective care delivery.