ATI RN
Epidemiology Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
young women had the problem. The answer of 300:1300 adds the total of the numerator to the denominator, which is unnecessary because the gonorrhea cases were already included in the denominator. In the answer of 300:500, the ratio comparing gonorrhea to chlamydia does not meet the epidemiological definition of proportion
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because in epidemiology, proportions should have the numerator included in the denominator. In this case, the total number of gonorrhea cases should be included in the total number of STIs to accurately represent the proportion. Choice B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not follow the basic principle of proportion in epidemiological analysis. Choice B does not address the inclusion of the numerator in the denominator. Choices C and D are not relevant to the concept of proportion in this context.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is examining the various factors that lead to disease and suggests several areas where
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Web of causality. This model considers multiple factors interacting and contributing to disease causation. It emphasizes the complexity and interconnectedness of various determinants of health. The epidemiologic triangle (B) focuses on agent, host, and environment in disease transmission, not causation. Health promotion (C) involves strategies to improve health behaviors and outcomes, not disease causation. In summary, the Web of causality model is the most appropriate choice as it comprehensively examines the multifactorial nature of disease etiology.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse has only a regular blood pressure cuff when conducting a health screening for all of the residents of a community. Which of the following may be lacking when obtaining blood pressure readings?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Correct Answer: B - Sensitivity Rationale: 1. Sensitivity refers to the ability of a test to correctly identify those with the condition (high blood pressure). 2. A regular blood pressure cuff may not be sensitive enough to accurately detect high blood pressure in some individuals. 3. Lack of sensitivity can lead to false-negative results, missing individuals who have high blood pressure. 4. Reliability (consistency of results), specificity (ability to correctly identify those without the condition), and validity (accuracy of measurements) are not directly impacted by the type of blood pressure cuff used.
Question 4 of 5
Two women seem to agree on almost everything from favorite music to favorite media stars to the best way to prepare a meal. Which of the following best explains this similarity in the two women?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because the similarity in opinions and preferences between the two women suggests a close friendship. Close friends often share common interests and values, leading to agreement on various topics. Choice A is incorrect because birth cohort does not necessarily determine shared preferences. Choice C is incorrect as attending the same school does not guarantee similar tastes. Choice D is incorrect as sharing the same church does not explain agreement on non-religious topics.
Question 5 of 5
A teacher recommends that surveys to obtain data on drug use be given to high school students when they meet for various school organizations. Which of the following best describes why the nurse would reject this suggestion?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: This method of data collection would result in selection bias. By administering surveys only to students who are part of school organizations, the sample is not representative of the entire student population, leading to selection bias. This bias can skew the results and make them less generalizable. A: Classification bias is when participants are inaccurately categorized, not relevant in this context. B: Confounding bias occurs when an external factor influences the relationship between the variables being studied, not applicable here. C: Personal bias involves individual opinions affecting the results, which is not the issue with this method of data collection.