ATI RN
Patient-Centered Care UNMC Addiction Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
You suspect your adult chest pain patient may be experiencing the onset of a myocardial infarction. Which of the following medical conditions may mask the severity of the infarction by suppressing the normal ST elevation often seen in onset myocardial infarctions?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Diabetes. Diabetes can mask the severity of a myocardial infarction by affecting the ECG pattern, potentially suppressing the normal ST elevation seen in onset myocardial infarctions. This is due to the autonomic neuropathy commonly seen in diabetic patients, which can alter the typical ECG changes associated with a heart attack. Summary of other choices: A: Pleurisy - Pleurisy is inflammation of the pleura and is not typically associated with masking ST elevation in myocardial infarctions. C: Chronic hypertension - Chronic hypertension does not directly affect the ECG pattern related to myocardial infarctions. D: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease - COPD is not known to mask the severity of myocardial infarctions by suppressing ST elevation on ECG.
Question 2 of 5
If the city council in your area enacts a law concerning the classification of first responders, what type of law allows this to occur in the US?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Legislative law. Legislative law refers to the laws created by legislative bodies, such as city councils, to regulate various aspects of society. In this case, when the city council enacts a law concerning the classification of first responders, it falls under legislative law as the council is a legislative body responsible for creating and passing laws at the local level. Civil law (A) pertains to disputes between individuals, administrative law (C) involves regulations by administrative agencies, and common law (D) is based on judicial decisions and precedent, none of which directly apply to the scenario described.
Question 3 of 5
You are called to assist a 44-year-old male who was struck in the head with a large socket wrench at work. On arrival, the patient is conscious but confused; he complains he developed a sudden-onset severe headache moments after a wrench slipped off under pressure striking him in the temporal region of the skull. Co-workers state he was unconscious with abnormal posturing for about three minutes prior to EMS arrival. He states the headache went from the worst headache of his life to a dull throbbing headache and new-onset dizziness and nausea. His pupils are unequal with the right eye sluggish to respond while his grips remain equal but weak. As you continue your evaluation, he suddenly develops projectile vomiting and loses consciousness. Which of the following injuries is most likely to cause his presentation?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Epidural hematoma. In this case, the patient's history of a sudden-onset severe headache after head trauma, unequal pupils, weakness, dizziness, nausea, and subsequent projectile vomiting with loss of consciousness are indicative of an epidural hematoma. Epidural hematomas typically result from arterial bleeding between the dura mater and skull, leading to an increase in intracranial pressure and neurological deterioration. The delay in symptoms and sudden deterioration are consistent with the progression of an epidural hematoma. The other choices, subdural hematoma (A), subarachnoid hematoma (C), and intracerebral hematoma (D), do not fit the clinical presentation as well and are less likely based on the symptoms described.
Question 4 of 5
The human body regulates homeostasis by communicating at the cellular level through the nervous and endocrine systems. Which of the following is responsible for serving as the command and control center for linking the systems together?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hypothalamus. The hypothalamus serves as the command and control center for linking the nervous and endocrine systems together. It regulates various physiological processes by secreting hormones that control the pituitary gland, which in turn influences other endocrine glands. The hypothalamus plays a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis by receiving signals from various parts of the body and coordinating appropriate responses. Summary: B: Adrenal gland - While the adrenal gland plays a role in producing hormones that help regulate stress response and metabolism, it is not primarily responsible for linking the nervous and endocrine systems. C: Thyroid gland - The thyroid gland primarily regulates metabolism through the production of thyroid hormones and does not serve as the command center for linking the systems together. D: Pituitary gland - Although the pituitary gland is often referred to as the "master gland" because it controls other endocrine glands, it receives signals from the hypothalamus and is not
Question 5 of 5
Electrician electrocuted, exit wound on foot, blood in urine, initial management?: "Immediate angiography"
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: "Aggressive fluid infusion." This is crucial to maintain adequate perfusion to the kidneys and prevent acute kidney injury due to rhabdomyolysis from electric shock. Electroshock can cause muscle breakdown leading to myoglobin release, which can damage the kidneys. Immediate angiography is not indicated as the first step in management. Intravenous pyelography and debridement of necrotic muscle are not relevant in this scenario. Admission to the ICU for observation may be considered after initial fluid resuscitation.