You have observed presence of drainage in Claudia's eyes. Which of the following eye solution would you use in cleaning her eyes?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Normal saline solution is the best choice for cleaning Claudia's eyes with drainage. It is a sterile solution that closely matches the natural pH of the eyes, making it gentle and safe for ocular use. Normal saline can help flush out any debris or discharge in the eye without causing further irritation or complications. On the other hand, hydrochloric acid is a corrosive substance that can cause significant harm if it comes into contact with the eyes. Mineral water may contain impurities that could further irritate the eyes. Soapsuds solution is not recommended for eye cleaning as it can cause irritation and damage to the delicate eye tissues. Therefore, normal saline solution is the most appropriate and safe option for cleaning Claudia's eyes in this situation.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The incident report is the best source of factual information to investigate the fall further. Incident reports are official documents that provide a detailed account of what happened leading up to and during an incident. They include factual information such as the date, time, location, individuals involved, and details of the event. By reviewing the incident report, investigators can gather accurate information to determine the cause of the fall and any contributing factors. This document serves as an essential tool in conducting a thorough investigation into the fall and helps in identifying preventive measures to avoid similar incidents in the future.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: A dental abscess is a localized accumulation of pus within the periodontal tissues, often associated with deep periodontal pockets. This condition typically arises from bacterial infection in the tooth pulp (periapical abscess) or in the periodontal tissues (periodontal abscess). The pus accumulation leads to localized swelling, pain, and tenderness in the affected area. Treatment usually involves draining the abscess and addressing the underlying infection through root canal therapy, periodontal treatment, or extraction, depending on the extent of the infection. It is important to seek prompt dental care to prevent potential complications as abscesses can lead to severe pain, systemic infection, and even tooth loss if left untreated.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct statement regarding the use of decongestant nasal sprays is that "Nasal sprays should not be used for more than three days because it can worsen congestion." Prolonged use of decongestant nasal sprays can lead to rebound congestion, where the congestion worsens with extended use. Therefore, it is important to limit the use of these sprays to avoid this side effect. It is recommended to use decongestant nasal sprays for no longer than three consecutive days.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: It is important for the nurse to explore Ella's feelings further when she expresses thoughts of wishing to be dead and struggling with not having someone around. These statements indicate that Ella may be experiencing emotional distress or depression, which require immediate attention. By exploring Ella's feelings, the nurse can assess the severity of her emotional state, provide appropriate support, and potentially prevent any harm or self-harm. It is crucial to address and validate her emotions, as well as to initiate necessary interventions to ensure her safety and well-being.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Administering systemic analgesia, such as pain medications or anesthesia, before the wound debridement procedure is the most effective way to minimize patient discomfort. These medications will help manage and reduce the pain experienced by the patient during the procedure, making it more tolerable for them. Topical anesthetic cream may provide some localized relief but may not be sufficient for significant pain management during a wound debridement procedure. Using sharp debridement techniques or performing the procedure quickly may help reduce manipulation or duration, respectively, but these actions alone may not adequately address the patient's pain and discomfort. Administering systemic analgesia ensures that the patient's overall pain is managed, promoting a more comfortable and successful wound debridement procedure.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer, C, reflects a health resource problem. The absence of a midwife in the community means that there is a lack of a critical health resource necessary for providing essential health services, especially for pregnant women and infants. This directly impacts the access to healthcare services and can contribute to negative health outcomes, such as high maternal mortality rates. The other options do not directly address a health resource problem but rather focus on specific issues or conflicts within the community.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Type I IgE-mediated immediate hypersensitivity reactions, such as anaphylaxis, are promptly managed with epinephrine. Epinephrine is the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis as it helps counteract the severe symptoms by relaxing the muscles in the airways, constricting blood vessels, and decreasing swelling. It acts quickly to reverse the potentially life-threatening effects of the allergic reaction and is crucial in managing anaphylaxis effectively. Other medications like antihistamines (e.g., diphenhydramine) and corticosteroids may be used as adjuncts, but epinephrine remains the primary treatment for immediate hypersensitivity reactions.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Endometriosis is a condition characterized by the abnormal growth of endometrial tissue outside the uterus. One common symptom of endometriosis is excessive menstrual bleeding, known as menorrhagia. This excessive bleeding is due to the presence of endometrial tissue in abnormal locations, leading to inflammation, scarring, and blood accumulation. In severe cases, endometriosis can lead to the formation of adhesions, cysts, and scar tissue, causing significant pain and fertility issues for affected individuals. Endometrial hyperplasia, leiomyomas (uterine fibroids), and adenomyosis are other gynecological conditions, but they do not involve the abnormal proliferation of endometrial tissue outside the uterus like endometriosis does.