Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Normal saline solution is the best choice for cleaning Claudia's eyes with drainage. It is a sterile solution that closely matches the natural pH of the eyes, making it gentle and safe for ocular use. Normal saline can help flush out any debris or discharge in the eye without causing further irritation or complications. On the other hand, hydrochloric acid is a corrosive substance that can cause significant harm if it comes into contact with the eyes. Mineral water may contain impurities that could further irritate the eyes. Soapsuds solution is not recommended for eye cleaning as it can cause irritation and damage to the delicate eye tissues. Therefore, normal saline solution is the most appropriate and safe option for cleaning Claudia's eyes in this situation.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: When a patient with chronic kidney disease is prescribed erythropoietin-stimulating agents (ESAs) for anemia management, the parameter that should be monitored closely by the nurse is the hemoglobin levels. Hemoglobin levels indicate the patient's response to ESA therapy and are essential in assessing the effectiveness of the treatment in addressing anemia. Monitoring hemoglobin levels helps ensure that the patient's anemia is controlled within the target range to avoid both the risks of under-treatment (resulting in persistent anemia) and over-treatment (increased risk of adverse outcomes such as hypertension, stroke, or cardiovascular events).

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Smoking is a harmful habit that is known to contribute to a variety of health problems, including heart disease, lung disease, and cancer. Smoking does not provide any benefits for Alzheimer's patients and, in fact, can worsen the condition due to its negative impact on overall health. Therefore, smoking does not help improve Alzheimer's and may exacerbate the symptoms and complications associated with the disease.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The suicide of her mother is the most probable historical data that led to post-traumatic stress disorder. Experiencing the suicide of a close family member, especially a parent, can be an extremely traumatic event that can have long-lasting psychological effects. Witnessing or dealing with such a tragic loss can lead to feelings of helplessness, depression, guilt, and intense emotional distress, all of which are common in individuals with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This significant and distressing event could have a profound impact on the individual's mental health and well-being, contributing to the development of PTSD symptoms such as intrusive memories, avoidance behaviors, negative mood alterations, and changes in arousal or reactivity.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: A woman experiencing irregular and ineffective uterine contractions with prolonged cervical dilation may indicate labor dystocia, also known as abnormal labor progression. To address this issue, the nursing intervention that should be implemented is to encourage the mother to ambulate and change positions frequently. This can help optimize fetal positioning and encourage descent through the birth canal by using gravity to aid in the progression of labor. Changing positions can also potentially improve the quality and effectiveness of contractions, leading to more successful cervical dilation and labor progress. Encouraging ambulation and position changes are non-invasive, patient-centered interventions that can be helpful in managing labor dystocia before considering more invasive interventions like cesarean section.