ATI RN
Cardiovascular System Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
You have given morphine sulfate 4 mg IV to a patient who is having an AMI. When evaluating the response 5 minutes after giving the medication, which of these data indicate a need for immediate further action?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because a significant drop in respiratory rate from 18 to 12 breaths/minute after administering morphine sulfate can indicate respiratory depression, a serious side effect. This requires immediate attention to prevent further complications like hypoxia or respiratory arrest. Choices A, C, and D do not indicate immediate need for action as a slight decrease in blood pressure, feeling lightheaded, and mild chest pain are expected side effects of morphine administration and can be managed with appropriate interventions.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following blood vessels is commonly affected by thrombophlebitis?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because veins deep in the lower extremities are commonly affected by thrombophlebitis due to factors like immobility, obesity, and venous stasis. Thrombophlebitis refers to inflammation of a vein with the formation of a blood clot. The lower extremities are more prone to this condition as blood flow is slower in the veins of the legs compared to the upper extremities. Popliteal vein of the leg (choice C) is a specific vein in the lower extremities commonly affected. Veins deep in the upper extremities (choice A) are less commonly affected. Veins connected to the heart (choice D) are arteries, not veins, and are not typically affected by thrombophlebitis.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following determine the possibility of the client having coronary artery disease?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Chest Pain. Chest pain is a common symptom of coronary artery disease (CAD) due to inadequate blood supply to the heart. It is a key indicator for CAD diagnosis. Tachycardia (A) may be a symptom of CAD but not definitive. Hair loss (B) and numbness/tingling (D) are not typically associated with CAD. In summary, chest pain is a cardinal symptom of CAD, making it the most relevant choice among the options provided.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client with a history of dysrhythmias about changes in diet. Which of the following does the nurse suggest to the client to prevent catecholamine release, which may cause dangerous dysrhythmias?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Drink no more than 6 oz. of beer or wine per day. Catecholamines are released in response to stress or stimulation. Alcohol consumption can lead to catecholamine release, potentially causing dysrhythmias. Limiting alcohol intake can help prevent this. A: Eating a low salt, high fiber diet may be beneficial for overall heart health, but it does not directly address catecholamine release. C: Drinking a lot of water is important for hydration, but it does not specifically prevent catecholamine release. D: Eating a variety of foods according to the food pyramid is generally good for overall health but does not directly address catecholamine release.
Question 5 of 5
Which assessment is the most important in determining the amount of fluid that the client is retaining?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Daily weights. Daily weights are crucial in monitoring fluid retention as they provide a direct measure of changes in the body's fluid balance. Sudden weight gain can indicate fluid retention, such as in heart failure. Heart sounds (A) are important for assessing heart function but do not directly measure fluid retention. Peripheral pulses (B) are mainly used to assess circulation and not fluid retention. Peripheral edema (D) is a visible sign of fluid retention, but daily weights provide a more accurate and quantitative measure of fluid status.