You decided to include 5 barangays in your municipality and chose a sampling method that would get representative samples from each barangay. What should be the appropriate method for you to use in this case?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct method to use in this case is C: Stratified sampling. This method divides the population into subgroups (strata) based on certain characteristics (in this case, barangays) and then samples randomly from each stratum. This ensures representation from each barangay, leading to a more accurate overall estimate. Cluster sampling (A) involves dividing the population into clusters and then randomly selecting entire clusters, which may not guarantee representation from each barangay. Random sampling (B) involves selecting individuals randomly from the entire population without considering strata, leading to potential bias. Systematic sampling (D) involves selecting every nth individual from a list, which may not ensure representation from each barangay.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Clipping the hair in the area. Clipping the hair is the best option as it reduces the risk of skin irritation and infection compared to shaving or using a depilatory. Clipping allows for a more controlled and precise removal of hair without causing micro-cuts or irritating the skin. Leaving the hair intact (choice A) may interfere with the insertion of the I.V. catheter, while shaving (choice B) can lead to micro-cuts and increase the risk of infection. Using a depilatory (choice D) can also irritate the skin and is not recommended for I.V. site preparation.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: A progressively deeper breaths followed by shallower breaths with apneic periods. Cheyne-Stokes respirations are characterized by a cyclical pattern of breathing where respirations gradually increase in depth and rate, then decrease to the point of apnea before starting the cycle again. This pattern is often seen in clients with neurological issues such as cerebrovascular accidents affecting the brainstem. Choice B is incorrect because Cheyne-Stokes respirations do not have abrupt pauses between each breath. Choice C is incorrect as it describes irregular breathing without the characteristic pattern of increasing and decreasing respirations. Choice D is incorrect because Cheyne-Stokes respirations are not shallow but rather have a pattern of progressively deeper breaths.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, the 43-year-old homeless man with a history of alcoholism. This choice is most likely to have TB due to the increased risk factors associated with homelessness, alcoholism, and compromised immune system. Homeless populations are at higher risk for TB due to crowded living conditions and poor access to healthcare. Alcoholism can weaken the immune system, making individuals more susceptible to TB infection. The other choices do not have the same level of risk factors for TB compared to the homeless man with alcoholism. A, the 16-year-old high school student, is less likely to have TB as younger age groups typically have lower rates of TB. B, the 33-year-old day-care worker, may have some exposure risk, but it is not as high as the homeless man with alcoholism. D, the 54-year-old businessman, does not have the same risk factors for TB as the homeless man with alcoholism.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: The 75-year-old client who was admitted 1 hour ago with new-onset atrial fibrillation and is receiving L.V. diltiazem (Cardizem). This client should be assessed first because atrial fibrillation can lead to serious complications like stroke or heart failure. Assessing this client allows for prompt intervention to stabilize the heart rhythm. Choice A can be ruled out as the client's vital signs are stable and the condition has been present for 2 days. Choice B should be assessed next due to the critically low blood pressure, but the client with atrial fibrillation takes priority. Choice C, although receiving heparin, does not have an acute condition like atrial fibrillation that requires immediate attention.