ATI RN
Health Assessment and Physical Examination Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
You ask a patient to draw a clock. He fills in all the numbers on the right half of the circle. What do you suspect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Filling in all the numbers on just one side of the clock when asked to draw a clock suggests a visual field deficit, typically seen in hemianopsia. Hemianopsia is a visual impairment where half of the visual field is lost due to neurological damage or injury, such as a stroke. This causes the individual to have difficulty perceiving or attending to objects in the affected visual field. In this case, the patient's right visual field may be affected, leading to the specific pattern of filling numbers on the right half of the clock. It is essential to further assess and refer the patient for a complete visual field evaluation and neurological examination.
Question 2 of 5
A 23-year-old graduate student comes to your clinic for evaluation of a urethral discharge. As the provider, you need to get a sexual history. Which one of the following questions is inappropriate for eliciting the information?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: While it is important to ask about recent sexual activity and whether it included sexual intercourse, using the term "intimate physical contact" is not specific enough. This question could potentially lead to misinterpretation or confusion regarding what types of activities are being referred to. It is more appropriate to directly ask about sexual intercourse when obtaining a sexual history. The other options are all appropriate questions to elicit information about the patient's sexual history.
Question 3 of 5
His abdominal examination is normal. Visualization of the anus shows no masses, inflammation, or fissures. Digital rectal examination reveals a warm, boggy, tender prostate. No discrete masses are felt and there is no blood on the glove. The scrotum and penis appear normal. Urinalysis shows moderate amounts of white blood cells and bacteria. What disorder of the anus, prostate, or rectum best describes this situation?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Prostatitis is the most likely disorder based on the symptoms described. The warm, boggy, tender prostate upon digital rectal examination, along with the presence of moderate white blood cells and bacteria in the urinalysis, suggests an inflammatory condition of the prostate. In this case, there are no signs of masses or blood in the rectal examination, which would be more indicative of prostate cancer. Epididymitis typically presents with symptoms involving the scrotum and may be associated with testicular pain and swelling, which are not described in this scenario. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a nonmalignant enlargement of the prostate gland that typically presents with symptoms of urinary urgency, frequency, and nocturia, rather than the inflammatory signs seen in this case.
Question 4 of 5
An elderly woman with a history of coronary bypass comes in with severe, diffuse, abdominal pain. Strangely, during your examination, the pain is not made worse by pressing on the abdomen. What do you suspect?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In an elderly woman with a history of coronary bypass surgery presenting with severe, diffuse abdominal pain that is not worsened by abdominal palpation, neuropathy should be suspected. Neuropathy refers to nerve damage, which can result in abnormal sensations of pain, often described as burning, shooting, or stabbing. Abdominal neuropathy can be caused by various conditions such as diabetes, alcohol abuse, vitamin deficiencies, or certain medications. The absence of worsening pain upon palpation makes organic abdominal pathology less likely, suggesting a neuropathic etiology. In this case, further evaluation and testing for neuropathy would be warranted.
Question 5 of 5
A high school soccer player "blew out his knee" when the opposing goalie's head and shoulder struck his flexed knee while the goalie was diving for the ball. All of the following structures were involved in some way in his injury, but which of the following is actually an extra-articular structure?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Tendons are the correct answer as they are an extra-articular structure. Tendons are fibrous connective tissue that attach muscles to bones, providing stability and transmitting forces during movements. In the context of the scenario provided, the player's knee injury involved structures within the joint such as the synovium (A), joint capsule (B), and juxta-articular bone (C), but the tendons (D) are located outside of the joint itself.