ATI RN
Pediatric Nursing Exam Preparation Questions
Question 1 of 9
You are ventilating a full-term baby with meconium aspiration syndrome, who was fine on the machine but suddenly shows severe drop in O2 saturation. What is the most likely cause?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A sudden drop in oxygen saturation in a patient with meconium aspiration syndrome is most likely due to an endotracheal tube blockage, often caused by accumulated secretions.
Question 2 of 9
Which of the following is an important diagnostic study for neonatal cholestasis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hepatobiliary scintigraphy assesses bile flow and is crucial for diagnosing biliary atresia, the most common cause of neonatal cholestasis.
Question 3 of 9
The outpatient management of a minor burn (first or second degree) involving less than 10% body surface area could include all of the following EXCEPT
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Prophylactic penicillin is not typically used in minor burns unless there is a specific infection risk, as it can promote antibiotic resistance.
Question 4 of 9
Hyperkalemia with a normal total body potassium can be caused by which of the following?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Major trauma causes hyperkalemia due to cellular lysis, releasing potassium into the bloodstream without increasing total body stores. Conditions such as crush syndrome and tumor lysis syndrome also exhibit this pattern.
Question 5 of 9
A chest radiograph should be performed with the first episode of asthma. Repeat chest radiographs are not needed unless there is
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A high-grade fever in an asthma patient may suggest pneumonia or another underlying infection, warranting further investigation.
Question 6 of 9
Which behavior is NOT true in many psychiatric illnesses?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: While eating very little, feeling sad or withdrawn, and throwing up can be symptoms of various psychiatric illnesses, sudden overwhelming worries are more commonly associated with anxiety disorders rather than being universal across all psychiatric conditions.
Question 7 of 9
One of the following is the most appropriate combination of the 'famous triad' in acute leukemia:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Acute leukemia commonly presents with fever (due to infections), pallor (from anemia), and purpura (from thrombocytopenia). Bone pain and lymphadenopathy are also common but not as defining as this triad.
Question 8 of 9
Foreign body partially obstructing the left main bronchus is likely to cause which of the following abnormalities:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A foreign body in the left main bronchus leads to air trapping on the left side, causing hyperinflation and shifting the mediastinum to the right on expiration. This results from a ball-valve effect, where air enters but cannot exit fully.
Question 9 of 9
Physiological responses to serious illness include increase of the following Except:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Serious illness typically leads to tachycardia, increased respiratory effort, and use of accessory muscles, while blood pressure may drop in shock.