You are the Assistant Director of Nursing in a multiethnical and culturally diverse inner city acute care facility. You will be chairing a committee to develop a philosophy of nursing that addresses these facility characteristics and the characteristics of the clients. Which theoretical framework would you recommend that this committee should consider when addressing mutiethnicity and the culturally diverse nature of this facility for this philosophy?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In the context of a multiethnic and culturally diverse inner city acute care facility, Madeleine Leininger's theory of Cultural Care Diversity and Universality is the most appropriate theoretical framework to consider when developing a nursing philosophy. Leininger's theory emphasizes the importance of cultural competence in nursing care, recognizing the impact of cultural beliefs, values, and practices on health outcomes. This theory promotes the understanding that care should be individualized and culturally sensitive to meet the diverse needs of patients. Jean Watson's theory, although valuable in emphasizing the importance of holistic care and the nurse-patient relationship, may not specifically address the cultural diversity aspect in the same depth as Leininger's theory. Martha Rogers' theory focuses more on energy fields and unitary human beings, which may not directly align with the cultural nuances of a diverse patient population. Nagi's theory, which focuses on the disablement process and rehabilitation, may not provide the necessary framework for addressing cultural diversity in healthcare settings. In an educational context, understanding and applying Leininger's theory can help nursing students and healthcare professionals develop cultural competence, enhance communication skills, and provide quality care that respects the diversity of patients' backgrounds and values. By selecting Leininger's theory for the nursing philosophy in this facility, the committee can ensure that nursing care is culturally sensitive and tailored to meet the unique needs of a diverse patient population.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct first priority intervention when a client shows signs of anaphylaxis after starting an intravenous antibiotic is to stop the intravenous flow (Option A). This action is crucial in preventing further administration of the allergen and worsening of the allergic reaction. Stopping the intravenous flow is the most immediate and direct action that can be taken to address the allergic reaction and prevent it from escalating. Slowing down the flow (Option B) or notifying the doctor (Option C) may delay the necessary intervention of stopping the allergen infusion. Beginning CPR (Option D) is not indicated for anaphylaxis unless the client's condition deteriorates and they become unresponsive with no pulse or breathing. Educationally, understanding the importance of prompt action in cases of anaphylaxis is vital for healthcare providers. Recognizing the signs and symptoms of severe allergic reactions and knowing the appropriate interventions can save lives. Training in emergency response protocols for anaphylaxis is essential for healthcare professionals to ensure they can respond effectively in such critical situations.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A) The 'right' verification. In medication administration, the 'right' verification is not one of the Ten Rights of Medication Administration. The Ten Rights of Medication Administration include the right patient, drug, dose, route, time, reason, documentation, response, education, and to refuse. Option B) The 'right' to refuse is a critical aspect of patient autonomy and ensuring that patients have the right to make informed decisions about their healthcare. Option C) The 'right' documentation is essential for maintaining accurate records of medication administration, ensuring continuity of care, and promoting patient safety. Option D) The 'right' client education is crucial for empowering patients with knowledge about their medications, potential side effects, and how to take them correctly to achieve optimal health outcomes. Understanding the Ten Rights of Medication Administration is vital for healthcare professionals to ensure safe and effective medication practices, prevent medication errors, and promote patient well-being. By knowing and following these rights, healthcare providers can enhance patient safety and quality of care.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C) Kohlberg. Lawrence Kohlberg was a psychologist known for his theory of moral development, which focuses on how individuals justify their actions as right or wrong. He proposed six stages of moral reasoning that individuals progress through as they develop. Kohlberg's theory emphasizes the importance of reasoning and understanding in moral decision-making. Option A) Freud is known for his psychoanalytic theory, which focuses on the unconscious mind and early childhood experiences, not moral reasoning. Option B) Erikson is known for his psychosocial development theory, which emphasizes stages of development and the resolution of psychosocial conflicts. While moral development is a component of psychosocial development, it is not the primary focus of Erikson's theory. Option D) Peters is not a well-known theorist in the field of moral reasoning or family health care. Therefore, the correct answer is C) Kohlberg due to his significant contributions to the understanding of moral reasoning in individuals, which is crucial in the context of family health care where ethical decision-making plays a vital role in providing effective care. Understanding moral development can help healthcare providers navigate complex ethical dilemmas and make informed decisions that align with ethical principles and values.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In the given scenario, the most appropriate initial action for the healthcare provider is Option B: Stay with her and provide support. This response is correct because the primary focus should be on ensuring the immediate safety and well-being of the patient who has experienced a traumatic event like rape and assault. Staying with the patient and providing support not only helps in establishing trust and rapport but also demonstrates empathy and compassion towards the patient in a vulnerable situation. It can help the patient feel more secure and cared for during a distressing time, which is crucial for their emotional and psychological recovery. Option A, asking for a psychiatric consult, may be necessary at a later stage to address the mental health needs of the patient, but it is not the immediate priority in this situation. Option C, washing and dressing wounds before the rape kit is performed, can potentially compromise important forensic evidence needed for legal proceedings. Option D, encouraging the patient to tell the details, should only be done when the patient is ready and willing to share, and after ensuring their immediate safety and well-being. From an educational perspective, this question highlights the importance of prioritizing the emotional and physical well-being of patients who have experienced trauma. It emphasizes the significance of providing immediate support, empathy, and a safe environment for patients to feel comfortable and secure in disclosing sensitive information. Healthcare providers need to be sensitive, compassionate, and trauma-informed in their approach when caring for patients who have experienced violence or abuse.