ATI RN
Gastrointestinal NCLEX Questions and Answers Questions
Question 1 of 5
You are preparing to administer TPN through a central line. Place the steps for administration in the correct order.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct order for administering TPN through a central line starts with checking the solution for cloudiness or turbidity to ensure it's safe for infusion. This step is crucial to prevent potential complications such as infection or embolism. Aseptic technique (Choice A) is important but comes later after verifying solution clarity. Threading the IV tubing (Choice B) and connecting it to the central line (Choice D) should follow after ensuring the solution is clear. These steps are all essential but must be done in the correct order to prioritize patient safety and prevent adverse effects.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following should a nurse instruct a client with symptomatic gallstones to avoid?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale: Symptomatic gallstones can be aggravated by caffeine, which stimulates gallbladder contractions, leading to pain. Avoiding coffee and caffeine-containing products helps reduce symptoms. Summary: - B: Fruits and fruit juices are generally healthy and do not directly impact gallstones. - C: Milk and milk products do not have a direct effect on gallstones. - D: Potassium-rich foods are beneficial for overall health and not specifically contraindicated for gallstones.
Question 3 of 5
A 68-year-old patient is in the office for a physical. She notes that she no longer has regular bowel movements. Which suggestion by the nurse would be most helpful to the patient?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because the gastrocolic reflex is a natural physiological response where eating triggers contractions in the colon, leading to increased peristalsis and bowel movements. By suggesting the patient to attempt defecation after breakfast, the nurse is utilizing this reflex to help stimulate bowel movements. This suggestion aligns with the patient's complaint of irregular bowel movements and aims to promote regularity. Choice A is incorrect as taking additional laxatives can lead to dependence and may not address the underlying cause of the irregular bowel movements. Choice B is incorrect as the acidity of foods does not directly impact peristalsis. Choice C is incorrect as reducing food intake may not necessarily address the issue of slowed peristalsis and could potentially lead to other nutritional deficiencies.
Question 4 of 5
When planning nutritional interventions for a healthy 83-year-old man, the nurse recognizes what factor is most likely to affect his nutritional status?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Living alone on a fixed income. This is because social factors, such as living alone, can impact an individual's access to and ability to afford nutritious foods. Being on a fixed income may limit the man's ability to purchase healthy foods, leading to potential malnutrition. Choice B, an increase in GI motility and absorption, is incorrect as it does not directly impact the man's nutritional status. Choice C, changes in cardiovascular function, may affect overall health but does not specifically address nutritional status. Choice D, snacking between meals, is less likely to be the primary factor affecting the man's nutritional status compared to his living situation and financial constraints.
Question 5 of 5
What physiologically occurs with vomiting?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale: Choice C is correct because vomiting involves the coordination of various structures and processes. The glottis closes to prevent aspiration, respiratory expiration aids in expelling contents, pylorus relaxes to allow stomach contents to move upward, and lower esophageal sphincter closes to prevent reflux. Summary of other choices: A: Incorrect - Metabolic alkalosis, not acidosis, is commonly associated with persistent vomiting due to loss of hydrochloric acid. B: Incorrect - Stimulation of the vomiting center by the CTZ is commonly triggered by chemicals/toxins, not stretch and distention of hollow organs. D: Incorrect - The parasympathetic nervous system stimulation occurs after the act of vomiting to aid in clearing the stomach.