ATI RN
Fundamentals Patient Safety and Wound Care Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
You are on the scene of a vehicle accident with entrapment. Why is it so important to ensure the battery has been disconnected before attempting to enter the vehicle or extricate the driver?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: To ensure any undeployed airbags do not discharge and cause an injury to the patient or anyone involved. It is important to disconnect the battery before attempting to enter the vehicle or extricate the driver because doing so can prevent any undeployed airbags from suddenly deploying during the extrication process. Deploying airbags can cause serious injuries to the patient or rescuers due to the force and speed at which they inflate. Disconnecting the battery helps to eliminate this risk and ensures a safer extrication process. Choice A is incorrect because the main concern is not about the vehicle moving during extrication. Choice C is incorrect as electrocution risk is more related to high-voltage components in hybrid or electric vehicles, not just the standard battery. Choice D is incorrect as the battery disconnection is primarily to prevent airbag deployment, not to prevent fires in the passenger compartment.
Question 2 of 5
For the patient with severe traumatic brain injury profound hypocarbia should be avoided to prevent:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Cerebral vasoconstriction with diminished perfusion. In severe traumatic brain injury, avoiding profound hypocarbia is important to prevent cerebral vasoconstriction, which reduces blood flow to the brain, worsening the injury. Hypocarbia causes constriction of cerebral blood vessels, leading to decreased perfusion and exacerbating brain damage. Respiratory alkalosis (A) and metabolic acidosis (C) are not direct consequences of hypocarbia in this context. Neurogenic pulmonary edema (D) is caused by increased permeability of pulmonary capillaries due to neurological insult, not by hypocarbia.
Question 3 of 5
A 52-year-old woman sustaining 50% total body surface burns in an explosion. She has burns around the chest and both upper arms. Adequate resuscitation is initiate She is nasotracheally intubated and is being mechanically ventilate Her CarboxyHb level is 10%. Her arterial blood gas reveals PaO2 of 40mmHg, PaCO2 of 60mmHg, and pH of 7.25. Appropriate immediate management at the time is to
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: "Ensure adequate tissue perfusion." In this scenario, the patient has sustained significant burns and is showing signs of respiratory distress with low PaO2, high PaCO2, and acidosis. Ensuring adequate tissue perfusion is crucial to optimize oxygen delivery to tissues. This can be achieved by optimizing hemodynamics, fluid resuscitation, and maintaining a balance between oxygen delivery and consumption. Increasing fluid resuscitation (choice B) may worsen the patient's respiratory status by causing fluid overload. Adding PEEP (choice C) may be beneficial in some cases but addressing tissue perfusion is more critical in this scenario. Reassessing for the presence of pneumothorax (choice D) is important but not the immediate priority in this case.
Question 4 of 5
Which one of the following injuries is addressed in the secondary survey?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Forearm fracture. In the secondary survey of trauma assessment, non-life-threatening injuries like forearm fractures are addressed after stabilizing life-threatening conditions. Forearm fractures may cause pain and disability but are not immediately life-threatening. Choices A, B, and D all involve injuries that require immediate attention in the primary survey due to the potential for severe bleeding, compromised airway, or unstable pelvic fractures leading to internal bleeding and other critical issues. In the secondary survey, attention is shifted to identifying and treating less urgent injuries like the forearm fracture.
Question 5 of 5
A 70 year old suffers blunt chest trauma after being struck by a car. On presentation, his GCS is 15, BP is 145/90, HR is 72. RR is 24 and O2-sat on 5L is 91%. Chest x-ray demonstrates multiple right sided rib fractures. ECG demonstrates normal sinus rhythm with no conduction abnormalities. Management should include:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: "Monitored i.v analgesia." In this scenario, the patient presents with rib fractures causing chest pain and respiratory distress. The primary goal is pain management to improve respiratory function and prevent complications like pneumonia. IV analgesia will help control pain effectively. Option A is incorrect as chest tube placement is not indicated in this scenario. Option B is not necessary as there are no signs of cardiac injury on ECG. Option D, thoracic splinting, is not the primary management for rib fractures and may not provide adequate pain relief.