ATI RN
Fundamentals Patient Safety and Wound Care Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
You are on the scene of a vehicle accident with entrapment. Why is it so important to ensure the battery has been disconnected before attempting to enter the vehicle or extricate the driver?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: To ensure any undeployed airbags do not discharge and cause an injury to the patient or anyone involved. When a vehicle's battery is not disconnected before attempting to enter or extricate a driver, there is a risk that any undeployed airbags may still be active and could suddenly inflate, potentially causing harm to the patient or anyone involved in the extrication process. Disconnecting the battery eliminates the power source for the airbags, reducing the risk of unintended deployment. Choice A is incorrect because disconnecting the battery is not primarily done to prevent the vehicle from moving during extrication; other safety measures are in place for that purpose. Choice C is incorrect as the risk of electrocution is minimal if proper extrication procedures are followed. Choice D is incorrect because while a fire is a concern in vehicle accidents, disconnecting the battery is not specifically related to preventing fires in the passenger compartment during extrication.
Question 2 of 5
For the patient with severe traumatic brain injury profound hypocarbia should be avoided to prevent:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Cerebral vasoconstriction with diminished perfusion. Hypocarbia leads to vasoconstriction in cerebral blood vessels, reducing blood flow and potentially worsening brain injury. Respiratory alkalosis (A) is a consequence of hypocarbia but not the main concern. Metabolic acidosis (C) is not related to hypocarbia. Neurogenic pulmonary edema (D) is not directly caused by hypocarbia in traumatic brain injury.
Question 3 of 5
A 52-year-old woman sustaining 50% total body surface burns in an explosion. She has burns around the chest and both upper arms. Adequate resuscitation is initiate She is nasotracheally intubated and is being mechanically ventilate Her CarboxyHb level is 10%. Her arterial blood gas reveals PaO2 of 40mmHg, PaCO2 of 60mmHg, and pH of 7.25. Appropriate immediate management at the time is to
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: "Ensure adequate tissue perfusion." In this scenario, the patient has inhalational injury with a high CarboxyHb level and severe respiratory acidosis on ABG. Ensuring adequate tissue perfusion is crucial to prevent further tissue damage and improve oxygen delivery to tissues. Increasing fluid resuscitation (B) may worsen the respiratory status. Adding PEEP (C) may be necessary but addressing tissue perfusion is more critical. Reassessing for pneumothorax (D) is important but not the immediate priority in this case.
Question 4 of 5
Which one of the following injuries is addressed in the secondary survey?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Forearm fracture. In the secondary survey of trauma assessment, priority is given to assessing less urgent injuries such as extremity fractures. Forearm fracture falls under this category as it is not immediately life-threatening. The secondary survey focuses on a systematic head-to-toe assessment after stabilizing critical conditions in the primary survey. Choices A, B, and D require immediate attention in the primary survey due to the potential for severe bleeding, compromised circulation, and risk of internal organ injury, respectively. Therefore, these injuries are addressed before moving on to the secondary survey.
Question 5 of 5
A 70 year old suffers blunt chest trauma after being struck by a car. On presentation, his GCS is 15, BP is 145/90, HR is 72. RR is 24 and O2-sat on 5L is 91%. Chest x-ray demonstrates multiple right sided rib fractures. ECG demonstrates normal sinus rhythm with no conduction abnormalities. Management should include:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: "Monitored i.v analgesia." In this scenario, the patient has blunt chest trauma with rib fractures causing pain. The management should focus on controlling pain to improve respiratory effort and prevent complications like pneumonia. IV analgesia is recommended to provide effective pain relief and improve patient outcomes. Choice A: "Placement of a 22Fr right sided chest tube" is incorrect because there is no indication for chest tube insertion based on the information provided. The patient's vital signs are stable and there are no signs of tension pneumothorax. Choice B: "Serial troponins and cardiac monitoring" is incorrect because there are no indications of cardiac injury based on the normal ECG and the absence of cardiac symptoms. Troponins and cardiac monitoring are not necessary at this point. Choice D: "Thoracic splinting" is incorrect because splinting is not typically recommended for rib fractures in elderly patients. It may restrict respiratory effort and cause more harm