You are on duty in the medical ward. The mother of your patient who is also a nurse, came running to the nurses station and informed you that Fiolo went into cardiopulmonary arrest.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is C) Bring the crash cart to the room. This option is the most appropriate because when a patient goes into cardiopulmonary arrest, immediate access to life-saving equipment is crucial. The crash cart contains essential medications, defibrillator, airway management tools, and other necessary supplies to manage a cardiac arrest situation effectively. Option A) Start basic life support measures is not the best choice in this case because the situation described indicates a more critical state where advanced interventions and equipment are necessary. Option B) Call for the Code is not the immediate action to take as bringing the crash cart to the room should be the priority to have the necessary tools at hand to manage the emergency. Option D) Go to see Fiolo and assess for airway patency and breathing problems is not the most appropriate response as the priority in a cardiac arrest situation is to have the crash cart ready for immediate intervention rather than assessing the airway or breathing first. In an educational context, it is vital for healthcare professionals, especially nurses, to understand the importance of quick and appropriate responses in emergency situations like cardiopulmonary arrest. Proper training and familiarity with emergency protocols and equipment such as the crash cart are essential to ensure timely and effective management of such critical events, ultimately improving patient outcomes.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In pharmacology, understanding IV fluid compatibility with blood products is crucial to prevent adverse reactions. The correct answer, "D) Plain LR," is the only option compatible with blood products due to its isotonic nature and lack of additives that could interact with blood components. Option A, D5LR, contains dextrose which may cause hemolysis when mixed with blood products. Option B, D5NSS, has a higher sodium content which can lead to clotting issues when combined with blood products. Option C, NSS, lacks the buffering capacity needed for blood product administration. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of knowing IV fluid compatibility to ensure patient safety during transfusions. Understanding the properties of different IV solutions and their interactions with blood products is essential for healthcare professionals to make informed decisions in clinical settings. Remembering these principles can prevent potentially harmful reactions and ensure effective patient care.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In the scenario of accidental injury to the parathyroid gland during a thyroidectomy, Leda might develop tetany postoperatively. This is because the parathyroid glands play a crucial role in maintaining calcium balance in the body, and any damage to these glands can lead to a decrease in parathyroid hormone levels, resulting in hypocalcemia. Tetany is a condition characterized by muscle cramps, spasms, and twitching due to low calcium levels, and it is a common complication following parathyroid gland injury. Option A, cardiac arrest, is incorrect as direct injury to the parathyroid gland would not directly lead to cardiac arrest. Option B, dyspnea, is also incorrect as it is more commonly associated with respiratory or lung-related issues rather than parathyroid gland injury. Option C, respiratory failure, is not directly linked to parathyroid gland injury and is not a typical consequence of this specific surgical complication. Understanding the relationship between the parathyroid gland and calcium regulation is crucial in pharmacology and surgical practices. Students need to grasp the effects of parathyroid dysfunction to provide optimal postoperative care and recognize potential complications. This question reinforces the importance of knowledge about the parathyroid gland in clinical practice and highlights the significance of prompt recognition and management of tetany following thyroid surgery.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In the context of burns, especially during the critical first 24 hours post-injury, fluid management is crucial to prevent hypovolemic shock and maintain tissue perfusion. Option A, "I and O hourly," refers to monitoring the patient's intake and output of fluids. This is essential in assessing fluid balance and guiding appropriate fluid replacement therapy, such as administering intravenous fluids to prevent dehydration and maintain vital organ function. Option B, "Strict aseptic technique," while important in preventing infections, is not the priority during the initial phase of burn management. In the early stages, fluid resuscitation and stabilization take precedence over infection control. Option C, "Forced oral fluids," is not recommended in the acute phase of burns as the patient may have impaired swallowing reflexes due to airway edema or injury. Administering fluids orally could potentially lead to aspiration, worsening the patient's condition. Option D, "Isolate the patient," is not a priority in the immediate management of burns. While infection control is essential, isolating the patient may not be necessary unless there are specific infectious concerns that require isolation precautions. Educationally, understanding the priorities in burn management helps healthcare professionals provide effective care during the critical early stages of burn injuries. Monitoring fluid balance, ensuring adequate hydration, and preventing complications associated with burns are key aspects of nursing care in this context.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In burn wound care, the most frequently used topical antimicrobial is silver sulfadiazine (Option C). Silver sulfadiazine is preferred due to its broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against a variety of pathogens commonly found in burn wounds. It helps prevent and treat infections, which are a significant concern in burn patients due to compromised skin integrity. Neosporin (Option A) is not typically used in burn wound care as it contains neomycin, which can cause allergic reactions and is not ideal for extensive burns. Silver nitrate (Option B) is more commonly used for cauterization and wound debridement rather than infection prevention. Sulfamylon (Option D) is effective but can cause significant pain upon application, making it less favorable compared to silver sulfadiazine. Educationally, understanding the rationale behind the choice of antimicrobial agents in burn wound care is crucial for healthcare professionals involved in wound management. It highlights the importance of selecting the most appropriate treatment to promote optimal healing outcomes and reduce the risk of complications such as infections, which can significantly impact patient recovery.