ATI RN
Pediatric Endocrine Exam Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
You are evaluating a newborn baby with cleft palate; his mother asks you about any risk of associated congenital hypopituitarism. Of the following, this baby is MOST likely at risk for
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cleft palate is associated with midline defects, including congenital hypopituitarism, where growth hormone deficiency is common due to pituitary maldevelopment. Hypothyroidism (A) and hypogonadism (B) may occur but are less frequent; hypoprolactinemia (C) and ADH deficiency (D) are not typically linked.
Question 2 of 5
The upper-to-lower segment ratio is one of methods for growth assessment that changes with age. Of the following, this ratio becomes 1:1 at the age of
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The upper-to-lower segment ratio decreases with age, reaching approximately 1:1 around 10 years as leg growth outpaces trunk growth, a normal developmental milestone.
Question 3 of 5
A 16-year-old boy has delayed puberty and absence of secondary sexual characteristics; he has decreased sense of smell. Examination reveals shortening of the fourth finger. MRI of the brain shows absence of the olfactory bulbs and sulci; abdominal ultrasonography shows absence of the right kidney. Of the following, the MOST likely diagnosis is
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Kallmann syndrome features hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, anosmia (absent olfactory bulbs), and may include renal agenesis or brachydactyly, matching this case. Other syndromes (A, C, D, E) lack this specific combination.
Question 4 of 5
You are examining a 10-month-old male infant during a routine visit; you find that he has wide wrists. He is still breast fed. X-ray of the wrist joint shows signs of rickets. Of the following, the BEST reflection of vitamin D deficiency is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D is the best indicator of vitamin D status, reflecting stores and deficiency in rickets. Calcium (A), phosphate (B), PTH (C), and 1,25-hydroxyvitamin D (D) are affected but less direct measures.
Question 5 of 5
A 7-year-old boy is going to undergo orthopedic surgery for right total hip replacement; he has been diagnosed with Addison disease 2 years ago and he is on replacement therapy by hydrocortisone since that time. Of the following, the MOST important step in the management of this boy is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In Addison disease, surgery is a stress requiring increased hydrocortisone (stress dosing) to prevent adrenal crisis, making it the most important step. Monitoring (A), fludrocortisone (B), and fluids (E) are supportive, and surgery (C) proceeds after stabilization.