ATI RN
A Review of Basic Patient Rights in Psychiatric Care Questions
Question 1 of 5
You are cleaning the back of the truck after transporting a trauma patient to the emergency department. Which of the following contaminated items should not be placed in a plastic biohazard bag?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Plastic IV catheter. The reason is that plastic IV catheters are considered sharp objects and should not be placed in a plastic biohazard bag to prevent accidental needle-stick injuries. Instead, they should be disposed of in a designated sharps container. Nasopharyngeal or oral airway, French suction catheter, and blood-soaked gauze pads can be placed in a plastic biohazard bag as they do not pose the same risk of needle-stick injuries.
Question 2 of 5
Your adult status asthmaticus patient requires rapid sequence intubation due to rapidly increasing airway constriction. Which of the following would be most appropriate following tube placement confirmation?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 2-5 mg of albuterol administered directly down the endotracheal (ET) tube. This is because albuterol is a beta-2 adrenergic agonist that helps to relax bronchial smooth muscles quickly, providing immediate relief in cases of severe airway constriction like in status asthmaticus. Administering it directly down the ET tube ensures rapid delivery to the lungs. Option A is incorrect as levalbuterol is a more potent form of albuterol and may cause adverse effects in high doses. Option C involves nebulizing albuterol which would be slower compared to direct administration. Option D provides a lower dose of levalbuterol, which may not be as effective in a critical situation.
Question 3 of 5
You are called to assist an adult female with a possible allergic reaction. You arrive to find a 22-year-old patient who is just beginning to have difficulty breathing. She has itching, urticaria, and hives after a bee-sting. During the possible allergic reaction, what is occurring at the cellular level?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Rationale: 1. Mast cells play a key role in allergic reactions by releasing histamines and other inflammatory mediators. 2. When triggered by an allergen like a bee-sting, mast cells degranulate, releasing histamines and serotonin. 3. Histamines cause vasodilation and increased vascular permeability, leading to itching, hives, and urticaria. 4. Serotonin contributes to smooth muscle contraction and bronchoconstriction, leading to difficulty breathing. 5. Therefore, choice D is correct as it accurately describes the cellular events in an allergic reaction. Summary: A, B, and C are incorrect because they do not accurately depict the cellular processes involved in an allergic reaction. A does not mention degranulation, B focuses on a hypermetabolic state unrelated to allergies, and C refers to anaerobic metabolism which is not the primary mechanism in allergic reactions.
Question 4 of 5
You are on-scene with a 55-year-old cardiac history patient who suddenly collapsed during dinner with his family. He is found to be pulseless and apneic with his family performing adequate CPR on arrival. His wife is distraught and hands you a legal DNR order signed by his physician. She states that he does not have a terminal illness and begs you to ignore the legal order and 'do everything in your capabilities to save him!' Which of the following would be most appropriate in this situation?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Initiate full resuscitation efforts including advanced cardiac life support, and contact medical control. In this scenario, the patient is found to be pulseless and apneic with CPR being performed by the family. The legal DNR order is not applicable in this situation as the patient does not have a terminal illness. Therefore, it is crucial to prioritize the patient's immediate need for resuscitation. Initiating full resuscitation efforts, including advanced cardiac life support, is necessary to maximize the chances of survival. Contacting medical control will ensure proper guidance and support during the resuscitation process. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect: A: Contacting medical control and waiting for approval before initiating full resuscitation could delay life-saving interventions. B: Stopping all resuscitation efforts based on the legal DNR order without considering the patient's current condition would be inappropriate. C: Advising the family to stop CPR and explaining the legal D
Question 5 of 5
Motor vehicle crash, GCS 6, dilated pupil, contralateral weakness, next step?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct next step is to perform endotracheal intubation (Choice C) in this scenario. Given the presentation of a motor vehicle crash with a GCS of 6, dilated pupil, and contralateral weakness, it indicates severe head trauma causing impending airway compromise and the need for airway protection. Intubation will secure the airway, ensure adequate oxygenation, and prevent the risk of aspiration. Choice A (CT-scan of head) is not the immediate priority as the patient's airway needs to be secured first. Choice B (Decadron) is not indicated for acute head trauma and may even worsen brain injury. Choice D (Mannitol) may help reduce intracranial pressure, but securing the airway takes precedence in this critical situation.