ATI RN
foundations of nursing practice questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
You are caring for a 50-year-old man diagnosed with multiple myeloma; he has just been told by the care team that his prognosis is poor. He is tearful and trying to express his feelings, but he is having difficulty. What should you do first?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Ask if he would like you to sit with him while he collects his thoughts. Rationale: 1. Active listening: By offering to sit with him, you show empathy and support his emotional expression. 2. Respect his autonomy: Asking if he would like you to sit allows him to make a choice about what support he needs. 3. Nonjudgmental approach: Sitting with him creates a safe space for him to share his feelings without feeling rushed or judged. Summary: B: Leaving abruptly may make him feel abandoned in a vulnerable moment. C: While spiritual support can be beneficial, it may not address his immediate emotional needs. D: Reassurance is important but may not be as effective as actively listening and offering support in this context.
Question 2 of 5
A patient has just died following urosepsis that progressed to septic shock. The patients spouse says, I knew this was coming, but I feel so numb and hollow inside. The nurse should know that these statements are characteristic of what?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Complicated grief and mourning. This is characterized by a sense of emotional numbness and feeling hollow inside, which the patient's spouse is experiencing after the patient's death. Complicated grief involves intense and prolonged mourning that may interfere with daily functioning. Other choices are incorrect because: B: Uncomplicated grief and mourning typically involves a range of emotions, including sadness and sorrow, but not the profound numbness and emptiness described. C: Depression stage of dying refers to a stage in the Kubler-Ross model, but the patient's spouse is not the one dying, so this does not apply. D: Acceptance stage of dying involves coming to terms with one's impending death, not the aftermath of losing a loved one to sepsis.
Question 3 of 5
As a staff member in a local hospice, a nurse deals with death and dying on a frequent basis. Where would be the safe venue for the nurse to express her feelings of frustration and grief about a patient who has recently died?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: At a memorial service. This is a safe venue for the nurse to express her feelings of frustration and grief about a patient who has recently died because a memorial service is specifically designed to honor and remember the deceased. It provides a supportive and understanding environment where emotions can be shared openly without judgment. The nurse can find comfort in sharing her feelings with others who have also been impacted by the patient's passing. Incorrect choices: A: In the cafeteria - Not an appropriate setting for expressing personal emotions related to death and dying. B: At a staff meeting - Might not be the most suitable place as the focus is on work-related matters. C: At a social gathering - Not specifically designed for processing grief and may not provide the necessary support and understanding.
Question 4 of 5
A clinic nurse is caring for a patient admitted with AIDS. The nurse has assessed that the patient is experiencing a progressive decline in cognitive, behavioral, and motor functions. The nurse recognizes that these symptoms are most likely related to the onset of what complication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: HIV encephalopathy. This condition, also known as AIDS dementia complex, is characterized by progressive decline in cognitive, behavioral, and motor functions due to HIV affecting the brain. The onset of these symptoms in the patient is indicative of HIV encephalopathy. Explanation for why other choices are incorrect: B: B-cell lymphoma is a type of cancer that can occur in patients with AIDS, but it typically presents with symptoms related to lymph nodes or other organs, not cognitive decline. C: Kaposis sarcoma is a type of cancer caused by the human herpesvirus 8, and it typically presents with skin lesions or internal organ involvement, not cognitive decline. D: Wasting syndrome is characterized by severe weight loss, weakness, and loss of muscle mass, but it does not directly cause cognitive, behavioral, and motor decline as seen in HIV encephalopathy.
Question 5 of 5
A public health nurse is preparing an educational campaign to address a recent local increase in the incidence of HIV infection. The nurse should prioritize which of the following interventions?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Educational programs that focus on control and prevention. This intervention is the most crucial as it directly addresses the issue of the increasing incidence of HIV infection. By providing education on how to control and prevent the spread of HIV, the nurse can empower the community to take proactive measures to reduce transmission rates. A: Lifestyle actions that improve immune function may be helpful in general health promotion but do not directly target the prevention of HIV transmission. C: Appropriate use of standard precautions is important but is more focused on healthcare settings rather than community-wide prevention efforts. D: Screening programs for youth and young adults are valuable but may not be as effective as educational programs in preventing the spread of HIV.