ATI RN
Age Specific Populations Questions
Question 1 of 5
You are a nurse meeting for the first time with a stage 3 Alzheimer's patient who is newly referred to your home health agency. Which assessment data about the patient and caregiver(s) would be most important to acquire during your first visit to the family's home?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: Ensuring patient safety is the top priority in caring for a stage 3 Alzheimer's patient in a home setting. Step 2: Restricting access to exits and stairways is crucial to prevent the patient from wandering or falling. Step 3: This assessment data is essential for implementing safety measures and preventing potential harm to the patient. Step 4: Choices B, C, and D, while important, do not directly address the immediate safety concerns of the patient.
Question 2 of 5
An 18-year-old referred to the mental health center often cooks gourmet meals but eats only tiny portions. The patient wears layers of loose clothing saying, "I like the style." The patient's weight dropped from 130 to 95 pounds. She has amenorrhea. Which diagnosis is most likely?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Anorexia nervosa. This diagnosis fits the patient's symptoms of restrictive eating, significant weight loss, amenorrhea, and denial of the severity of the situation. The patient's behavior of cooking gourmet meals but eating tiny portions and wearing layers of clothes to hide weight loss are classic signs of anorexia nervosa. The other choices are incorrect because: A: Eating disorder not otherwise specified does not fully capture the severity and specific symptoms exhibited by the patient. C: Bulimia nervosa involves binge-eating followed by compensatory behaviors, which are not described in the scenario. D: Binge eating disorder involves recurrent episodes of binge eating without compensatory behaviors, which is not indicated.
Question 3 of 5
A 16-year-old client has anorexia nervosa. She has lost 50 pounds during the past 3 months and is about 20 pounds under the weight that is normal for her height. She has dry skin with poor turgor, hair breakage, and brittle nails. The nurse can anticipate that when giving information about her menstrual history, the client is likely to report:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: amenorrhea. In anorexia nervosa, severe weight loss can disrupt the hormonal balance, leading to the cessation of menstruation, known as amenorrhea. This is due to the body conserving energy and prioritizing essential functions over reproductive processes. The client's significant weight loss and physical symptoms indicate a state of malnutrition, further supporting the likelihood of amenorrhea. The other choices (heavy menstrual flow, premenstrual syndrome, dysmenorrhea) are less likely because they are not typically associated with anorexia nervosa and severe weight loss. Amenorrhea is a common manifestation of anorexia nervosa and reflects the impact of malnutrition on reproductive health.
Question 4 of 5
A pediatric nurse at the clinic interviews a 14-year-old client who is dressed in baggy clothes and two sweaters on a warm day. The client admits to not having had her period for 4 months. The nurse notes fine downy hair along the client's cheeks. Vital signs are T, 36.6; P, 64; and BP, 84/50. Which additional objective sign would best support the nurse's assessment that the client has anorexia nervosa?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Weight 15% below normal for her height. In anorexia nervosa, individuals have a fear of gaining weight leading to severe weight loss. A weight 15% below normal for her height indicates significant weight loss, a hallmark feature of anorexia nervosa. This is supported by the client's baggy clothes, two sweaters on a warm day, and absence of menstrual periods, which are common signs of anorexia nervosa. Choice B: Eroded dental enamel is a sign of bulimia nervosa, not anorexia nervosa. Choice C: Parotid gland enlargement is seen in bulimia nervosa due to frequent vomiting, not anorexia nervosa. Choice D: Dehydration is a general sign and not specific to anorexia nervosa.
Question 5 of 5
Which disorder is often difficult to detect and consequently often goes untreated?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Bulimia. Bulimia is often difficult to detect as individuals may engage in secretive binge eating and purging behaviors. Unlike anorexia nervosa where visible weight loss may be noticeable, individuals with bulimia may maintain a normal weight, making it harder to identify. Bulimia also tends to be associated with feelings of shame and guilt, leading individuals to hide their behaviors. Pica (A) involves eating non-food items and can be more easily observed. Obesity (C) is often noticeable due to visible weight gain. Anorexia nervosa (D) is also easier to detect as individuals may exhibit extreme weight loss and visible physical symptoms.