ATI RN
Nutrition and Fluid Balance Chapter 14 Questions
Question 1 of 5
Women have more body water than men because of the effect of estrogen on adipose tissue deposition.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: FALSE. Estrogen does not directly affect body water composition. The main reason women generally have more body water than men is due to differences in body composition, such as higher body fat percentage in women. Estrogen primarily influences fat distribution, not body water levels. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because estrogen's effect on adipose tissue does not directly impact body water content in individuals.
Question 2 of 5
All fluid that enters or leaves the ICF must pass through the ECF.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step 1: The ICF (Intracellular Fluid) is the fluid inside the cells, and the ECF (Extracellular Fluid) is the fluid outside the cells. Step 2: Not all fluid that enters or leaves the ICF must pass through the ECF. There are mechanisms such as osmosis and active transport that allow for direct movement of fluid in and out of the cells. Step 3: Therefore, it is not true that all fluid entering or leaving the ICF must pass through the ECF, making the correct answer B: FALSE. Summary: Choice A is incorrect because it wrongly states that all fluid must pass through the ECF. Choices C and D are not applicable as they do not provide any relevant information.
Question 3 of 5
Obligatory losses represent the amount of sodium that normally needs to be replenished in the body in order to
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: FALSE. Obligatory losses do not represent the amount of sodium that needs to be replenished in the body. Instead, they refer to the minimum amount of sodium that the body must excrete daily to maintain proper sodium balance. Replenishing sodium is not the purpose of obligatory losses. Choice A is incorrect because obligatory losses do not indicate the amount of sodium that needs to be replenished. Choices C and D are not applicable as they are not valid answers to the question.
Question 4 of 5
The secretion of aldosterone promotes the reabsorption of sodium.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: TRUE. Aldosterone, a hormone produced by the adrenal glands, plays a key role in regulating electrolyte and fluid balance in the body. It acts on the kidneys to increase the reabsorption of sodium, leading to increased water retention and higher blood pressure. This process helps maintain electrolyte balance and blood pressure levels within the body. Therefore, the secretion of aldosterone does promote the reabsorption of sodium. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not provide any relevant information or explanation related to the question.
Question 5 of 5
When the body becomes dehydrated (H O deficit), both urinary output and thirst increase as compensatory measures.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: Dehydration leads to decreased blood volume and increased blood osmolarity. Step 2: Decreased blood volume triggers release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) to conserve water. Step 3: ADH increases water reabsorption in the kidneys, reducing urinary output. Step 4: Increased blood osmolarity stimulates thirst to encourage water intake. Step 5: Therefore, both urinary output and thirst increase in response to dehydration. Summary: - Choice A is correct as it explains the physiological responses to dehydration. - Choice B is incorrect as it contradicts the well-established mechanisms of the body. - Choices C and D are not applicable as they do not provide any information.