With what diseases does GABA decrease?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because GABA is an inhibitory neurotransmitter that helps regulate anxiety. A decrease in GABA levels can lead to an increase in anxiety, mania, and schizophrenia. Option A is incorrect as GABA reduction does not result in a reduction in anxiety. Option C is incorrect as depression is not typically associated with a decrease in GABA levels. Option D is incorrect as GABA dysfunction is not a primary factor in Parkinson's disease.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Abnormal muscle tone resulting in spasms and abnormal posture. Dystonia is a neurological movement disorder characterized by sustained muscle contractions, causing repetitive movements or abnormal postures. This leads to spasms and involuntary muscle movements, resulting in abnormal posture. Choice B is incorrect because dystonia is not characterized by excessive muscle relaxation, but rather by muscle contractions. Choice C is incorrect as dystonia does not involve muscle weakness, but rather involuntary muscle contractions. Choice D is incorrect because dystonia is not primarily characterized by muscle pain, but by abnormal muscle tone and posture.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: ADHD. Amphetamine (Adderall) is commonly used to treat Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) by helping to improve focus, attention, and impulse control. It is a stimulant that works on the central nervous system to increase certain brain chemicals. Amphetamine is not used for treating depression (B), anxiety (C), or schizophrenia (D). Depression is usually treated with antidepressants, anxiety with anti-anxiety medications, and schizophrenia with antipsychotic medications. Therefore, the correct choice is A because it aligns with the known therapeutic uses of amphetamine.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Sedation and respiratory depression. Benzodiazepines are known to cause sedative effects by enhancing the action of GABA in the brain, leading to relaxation and drowsiness. Respiratory depression can occur, especially in high doses or when combined with other depressants. Option B is incorrect as benzodiazepines typically do not increase energy and alertness but rather have a calming effect. Option C is also incorrect as weight gain and increased appetite are not commonly associated with benzodiazepines. Option D is incorrect because benzodiazepines do have side effects, including sedation and respiratory depression.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because chlorpromazine is known to cause extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) such as tremors and muscle stiffness, as well as orthostatic hypotension. EPS are common side effects of typical antipsychotics like chlorpromazine due to dopamine receptor blockade. Choices B and C are incorrect because weight gain, increased appetite, sedation, and respiratory depression are not typically associated with chlorpromazine. Therefore, option A is the best choice based on the known side effects of chlorpromazine.