ATI RN
Pharmacology and the Nursing Process 10th Edition Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
With pulmonary edema, there is usually an alteration in:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Pulmonary edema causes an increase in pressure in the pulmonary circulation, leading to an alteration in afterload due to increased resistance. It also causes fluid accumulation in the pulmonary vessels, affecting preload. Additionally, the heart may compensate by increasing contractility. Therefore, all of the above choices are altered in pulmonary edema. The incorrect choices are A, B, and C individually as they only represent one aspect of the alterations seen in pulmonary edema, while the correct answer D encompasses all three factors affected in this condition.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse understands that which of the ff. best describes the action of propanolol (Inderal)?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. Propranolol is a beta-blocker that acts on the heart. 2. It blocks beta-adrenergic receptors, leading to decreased heart rate and contractility. 3. Decreased heart rate and contractility result in reduced cardiac output. 4. Therefore, the correct answer is C - It decreases cardiac output. Summary: A, B, and D are incorrect because propranolol does not increase heart rate, fluid volume, or cardiac contractility.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following nursing interventions will help prevent a further increase in ICP?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Elevating the head of the bed is the correct answer because it helps to promote venous drainage, reduce cerebral edema, and decrease intracranial pressure (ICP). By positioning the patient with the head elevated, gravity assists in preventing further increases in ICP. Encouraging fluids may lead to fluid overload and exacerbate cerebral edema. Providing physical therapy and frequent repositioning may increase ICP by causing unnecessary movement and potential strain on the patient's head and neck.
Question 4 of 5
Five girls were victims of wasp and bee bites. Emergency treatment for these includes:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because a poultice of sodium bicarbonate and water can help neutralize the venom and reduce pain from wasp and bee bites. Sodium bicarbonate has alkaline properties that can counteract the acidic venom. Option B is incorrect as household ammonia can cause skin irritation and should not be applied to insect bites. Option C is incorrect because only option A is a safe and effective treatment for wasp and bee bites. Option D is incorrect as there is a suitable emergency treatment available.
Question 5 of 5
An adult is to receive narcotic analgesics via patient controlled analgesia. The nurse is evaluating client’s understanding of the procedure. Which of the following statements by the client indicates that she understand PCA?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: "I will press the button whenever I feel pain." This answer demonstrates understanding of how patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) works, where the client self-administers medication when needed for pain relief. Option A is incorrect as the machine is programmed with lockout intervals to prevent overdosing. Option C is incorrect as the client should only press the button when experiencing pain, not on a fixed schedule. Option D is incorrect as PCA does not guarantee complete pain elimination. The key in PCA is empowering the client to self-administer medication based on their pain level.