ATI RN
Urinary System Exam Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
With a lack of ADH, the:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: No ADH makes distal tubules/collecting ducts impermeable to water e.g., no aquaporins, dilute urine. H sensitivity is pH not ADH-related. K /Na swap in PCT is false Na dominant. Hypothalamus/Oâ‚‚ is respiratory unrelated. Impermeability distinguishes it, critical for diuresis, unlike sensitivity or swap errors.
Question 2 of 5
Juxtaglomerular cells match with:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: JG cells are adjacent to macula densa e.g., JGA, secrete renin. Urethra is exit tube not cells. Zona glomerulosa produces aldosterone not JG. Stimulation is angiotensin not cells. Proximity distinguishes it, key to renin release, unlike tubes or hormones.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse identifies a nursing diagnosis of risk for injury: fracture related to alterations in calcium and phosphorus metabolism for a patient with chronic renal disease. The pathologic process directly related to the risk for fractures is
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Chronic renal disease impairs vitamin D activation, reducing calcium absorption, weakening bones not aluminum loss (dialysis issue), soft tissue calcification (secondary), or PTH alone (compensatory). This distinguishes hypocalcemia's skeletal impact, key for fracture risk, contrasting with other metabolic sequelae.
Question 4 of 5
A patient rapidly progressing toward end stage renal disease asks about the possibility of a kidney transplant. In responding to the patient, the nurse knows that contraindications to kidney transplantation include
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Extensive vascular disease impairs graft perfusion, contraindicating transplant not hepatitis C (manageable), CAD (assessable), or hypertension (controllable). This distinguishes vascular viability, critical for transplant success, contrasting with treatable conditions.
Question 5 of 5
Diseases caused by E-coli are:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: E. coli causes urinary tract infections (UTI, common), neonatal meningitis (via birth canal), and diarrhea (enteropathogenic strains) all apply. This broad pathogenicity distinguishes E. coli's clinical impact, critical for infectious disease, contrasting with limited scopes.