ATI RN
jarvis physical examination and health assessment test bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
Why would a combined hormonal contraceptive be contraindicated in a 36-year-old patient with a past medical history of type 2 diabetes, obesity, chronic smoking, and a sedentary lifestyle?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. The patient's age (36 years) and chronic smoking are the main reasons why a combined hormonal contraceptive would be contraindicated. Age over 35 and tobacco use increase the risk of cardiovascular complications with hormonal contraceptives. Obesity (choice A), type 2 diabetes (choice B), and a sedentary lifestyle (choice D) are also risk factors, but they are not the primary reasons for contraindicating combined hormonal contraceptives in this case.
Question 2 of 5
Which one of the following statements is true of Munchausen syndrome by proxy?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because in Munchausen syndrome by proxy, the patient only exhibits symptoms under the direct care or supervision of the abuser. This is because the abuser intentionally causes or fabricates symptoms in the victim to gain attention or sympathy. In contrast, the other choices are incorrect. A is incorrect because the injury is inflicted by the abuser, not self-inflicted by the patient. C is incorrect as the caregiver is the one perpetrating the abuse. D is incorrect because the abuser is often overly involved and manipulative, rather than inattentive and uncaring.
Question 3 of 5
On examination of the neck, a dome-shaped lesion in the dermis forming a benign closed firm sac attached to the epidermis is noted on the right lateral side of the neck. The type of lesion is known as:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step 1: Identify the characteristics of the lesion described - dome-shaped, in dermis, benign, closed sac attached to epidermis. Step 2: A cutaneous cyst fits all these characteristics - it is a benign closed sac in the dermis with attachment to the epidermis. Step 3: Keloid (A) is an overgrowth of scar tissue, not a closed sac lesion. Tophi (B) are deposits of uric acid crystals, not a sac. Chondrodermatitis (D) is inflammation of cartilage and skin, not a closed sac lesion. Summary: A cutaneous cyst is the correct choice as it matches all the characteristics given, while the other options do not fit the description provided.
Question 4 of 5
What intervention does the American College of Rheumatology recommend as first-line therapy for osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, or something else?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Exercise and weight loss. The American College of Rheumatology recommends this intervention as first-line therapy for osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis due to its proven benefits in reducing pain, improving joint function, and overall quality of life. Exercise helps strengthen muscles around the joints, improve flexibility, and reduce stiffness. Weight loss can also alleviate pressure on the joints, especially in weight-bearing joints. A: Diagnostic workup to rule out rheumatoid arthritis - This is not the first-line therapy but rather a step in the diagnostic process. B: NSAID use at the lowest effective dose - While NSAIDs may help with pain management, they are not recommended as the first-line therapy due to potential side effects. C: Acetaminophen use up to 4 grams/day - Acetaminophen can be used for pain relief, but it is not as effective as exercise and weight loss in managing osteoarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis symptoms
Question 5 of 5
Symptoms associated with small bowel obstruction usually include:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Vomiting and pain. Small bowel obstruction typically leads to vomiting due to the blockage preventing food from passing through. Pain occurs as the intestine tries to push against the obstruction. Nausea and diarrhea (choice A) are more common in large bowel obstructions. Hematemesis and bloody stool (choice C) suggest bleeding in the upper gastrointestinal tract. Indigestion and anorexia (choice D) are not specific to small bowel obstruction. Therefore, the combination of vomiting and pain is indicative of small bowel obstruction.