ATI RN
Pharmacology Across the Lifespan Questions
Question 1 of 5
Why should Sumatriptan be used with caution in a patient with angina?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because Sumatriptan, a triptan medication used for migraine treatment, can cause vasoconstriction of blood vessels including the coronary arteries. This vasoconstriction can lead to reduced blood flow to the heart, potentially precipitating an anginal attack in a patient with angina. Choices C and D are incorrect as they also mention vasoconstriction but do not specifically link it to triggering an anginal attack. Choice A is incorrect as it does not provide any relevant information.
Question 2 of 5
Metformin most likely causes which of the following?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Increased insulin sensitivity. Metformin works by decreasing hepatic glucose production, increasing peripheral glucose uptake, and improving insulin sensitivity in tissues. It does not increase gluconeogenesis (A), decrease GI glucose absorption (C), or increase pancreatic insulin release (D). By enhancing insulin sensitivity, Metformin helps lower blood glucose levels in individuals with type 2 diabetes.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following medications is associated with managing gout?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: NSAIDs. NSAIDs are commonly used to manage gout due to their anti-inflammatory properties, which help reduce inflammation and pain associated with gout attacks. They work by inhibiting the enzyme responsible for producing prostaglandins, which are involved in the inflammatory response. Coleseyelam (A) is a cholesterol-lowering medication, not used for gout. Vitamin A (B) is a vitamin and not indicated for gout management. Aminocarproic acid (C) is used to treat excessive bleeding and is not associated with managing gout.
Question 4 of 5
A 57-year old patient presents to your office complaining about poor appetite, anhedonia, persistent depressed mood and increased sleep latency. He reports chronic neuropathic pain in the feet unrelieved by analgesics. Which of the following medications may address the patient's symptoms of poor sleep, depressed mood, poor appetite and neuropathic pain?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Amitriptyline. This tricyclic antidepressant is commonly used to manage neuropathic pain, improve sleep quality, and treat depression. Amitriptyline can help alleviate the patient's symptoms of poor sleep, depressed mood, poor appetite, and neuropathic pain due to its dual mechanism of action that involves inhibiting the reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine. A: Lorazepam is a benzodiazepine used for anxiety and insomnia, but it does not address neuropathic pain or depression symptoms. C: Trazodone is a sedating antidepressant often used for insomnia, but it may not be as effective for neuropathic pain as amitriptyline. D: Escitalopram is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) used for depression and anxiety, but it may not be as effective for neuropathic pain as amitriptyline.
Question 5 of 5
Which assessment data would the nurse identify as having the most effect on drug metabolism?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: History of liver disease. The liver plays a crucial role in drug metabolism. Any dysfunction or damage to the liver, such as in liver disease, can significantly affect the metabolism of drugs, leading to altered drug levels in the body. This can result in potential toxicity or reduced efficacy of medications. In contrast, choices B, C, and D do not have a direct impact on drug metabolism like liver disease does. A vegetarian diet, sedentary lifestyle, or being a teacher do not specifically influence the liver's ability to metabolize drugs. Thus, history of liver disease is the most critical assessment data to consider in understanding drug metabolism.