Why is it important to monitor ins and outs with patients using ACE inhibitors?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: It is important to monitor ins and outs with patients using ACE inhibitors to assess for decreased blood pressure. ACE inhibitors are known to lower blood pressure by dilating blood vessels, which can sometimes lead to hypotension (low blood pressure). Monitoring the patient's fluid intake and output helps healthcare providers evaluate the patient's blood pressure response to the medication and make necessary adjustments to prevent complications such as dizziness, falls, or fainting. Regular monitoring is crucial to ensure the patient's safety and optimize the effectiveness of ACE inhibitor therapy.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Seasonal affective disorder (SAD) ties depression to winter-less light, per psychiatry-unlike baby blues (postpartum), bipolar (cycles), or OCD (obsessions). SAD's seasonal link defines it, matching symptoms.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Dalfampridine treats MS by blocking potassium channels in demyelinated axons, enhancing nerve conduction and improving walking ability. Exposed potassium channels in MS leak current, impairing signal propagation; dalfampridine's blockade restores function. Donepezil boosts acetylcholine for Alzheimer's. Riluzole reduces glutamate in ALS. Bromocriptine, a dopamine agonist, manages Parkinson's. Dalfampridine's unique potassium channel action directly addresses MS's neurological deficit, supported by clinical evidence, making it the correct agent here.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The percentage of ionization of a weak acid or base can be estimated using the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation:

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Cleaning equipment between each enteral feeding is vital to prevent bacterial contamination, as residual formula can foster microbial growth, risking infections like gastroenteritis in a client already nutritionally compromised. While limiting hang time is important, evidence suggests a 4-hour maximum, not 8, to minimize spoilage-though this isn't the focus here. Refrigerating unused feeding preserves its integrity, preventing degradation or bacterial proliferation, which is critical for safety. Keeping the insertion site clean reduces infection risk at the tube entry, a common complication in enteral therapy. Cleaning equipment stands out as a proactive step the wife can take between feedings, directly impacting hygiene and client safety, whereas other points address storage or site care, which, while essential, are secondary to the immediate post-feeding action of equipment maintenance in this context.