ATI RN
ATI Detailed Answer Key Medical Surgical Questions
Question 1 of 5
Why is it important for a nurse to move a victim of a common respiratory toxin to higher ground immediately?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because many respiratory toxins are heavier than air and settle near the ground.
Question 2 of 5
A healthcare worker is caring for a group of clients in an infectious disease unit. The worker should wear an OSHA-approved N95 respirator mask when caring for a client with which of the following infectious diseases?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Tuberculosis. Healthcare workers should wear an N95 respirator mask when caring for clients with airborne infectious diseases like tuberculosis. The N95 mask is designed to filter out at least 95% of airborne particles, including those that may carry the tuberculosis bacteria. This level of protection is necessary to prevent the healthcare worker from inhaling the infectious agent. Pertussis (A), Mycoplasma pneumonia (B), and Respiratory syncytial virus (D) are not typically transmitted through the air and therefore do not require the use of an N95 respirator mask for standard care. These diseases are usually spread through respiratory droplets or direct contact, so standard precautions such as wearing a surgical mask and gloves are sufficient.
Question 3 of 5
18. Melatonin’s use is based on scientific evidence. The patient with which problem would benefit from melatonin?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Melatonin is scientifically supported for addressing sleep problems (option A), such as insomnia or jet lag.
Question 4 of 5
A client has periodic outbreaks of cold sores long after the initial infection of herpes simplex virus. Why does this occur?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because the herpes simplex virus can become dormant in nerve cells and reactivate periodically, leading to recurrent outbreaks.
Question 5 of 5
While suctioning the endotracheal tube of a client on a ventilator, the nurse notices an increase in the client's heart rate from 86/min to 110/min, with irregularity. What should the nurse do next?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Perform pre-oxygenation prior to suctioning. In this scenario, the increase in heart rate and irregularity could be due to hypoxia resulting from suctioning. Pre-oxygenation helps to ensure adequate oxygenation before the procedure, preventing hypoxia-induced dysrhythmias. By providing oxygen before suctioning, the nurse can minimize the risk of further complications. Choice A (Obtain a cardiology consult) is incorrect because immediate action is required to address the potential hypoxia, which can be managed by pre-oxygenation. Choice B (Suction the client less frequently) is incorrect as it does not address the immediate concern of potential hypoxia leading to dysrhythmias. Choice C (Administer an antidysrhythmic medication) is incorrect as it is not the initial intervention needed in this situation; addressing the underlying cause of potential hypoxia is essential before considering antidysrhythmic medications.