Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: To detect rejection. After heart transplantation, heart biopsy is performed to monitor for rejection, a common complication. Tissue samples are examined for signs of rejection, such as inflammation. This is crucial for timely intervention to prevent rejection-related complications. Other choices are incorrect: B: Heart functionality is typically assessed through imaging tests like echocardiograms, not biopsy. C: Heart rate monitoring can be done through non-invasive methods like electrocardiograms, not biopsy. D: Checking for heart tumors is not a primary purpose of heart biopsy post-transplantation.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, decreased body temperature and cold intolerance, because these are classic signs of hypothyroidism due to decreased thyroid hormone levels. The body's metabolism slows down, leading to a lower core body temperature and reduced ability to tolerate cold. Exophthalmos and conjunctival redness (choice A) are associated with hyperthyroidism. Flushed, warm, moist skin (choice B) is indicative of hyperthyroidism as well, due to increased metabolic rate. A systolic murmur at the left sternal border (choice C) is not a common finding in hypothyroidism.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because exhaling deeply before using the spirometer is incorrect. The purpose of the incentive spirometer is to encourage deep inhalation to improve lung function. Exhaling deeply before using the spirometer goes against this goal and may hinder the effectiveness of the device. Choices A, B, and C are all correct actions when using the spirometer. Taking two normal breaths helps to prepare the lungs, sitting upright optimizes lung expansion, and inhaling deeply to reach the target helps to improve lung ventilation.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Collaborative problem. The nurse needs to revise the collaborative problem part of the diagnostic statement because "Impaired physical mobility related to tibial fracture as evidenced by patient’s inability to ambulate" is a nursing diagnosis, not a collaborative problem. Collaborative problems involve issues that require both nursing and medical interventions, whereas nursing diagnoses focus on the nurse's role in addressing the patient's health issues. Therefore, the nurse should revise the collaborative problem part to accurately reflect the collaborative aspect of the patient's care. Etiology (A), nursing diagnosis (B), and defining characteristic (D) are not the parts of the diagnostic statement that need revision in this scenario.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why choice A is correct: 1. The American Cancer Society recommends yearly mammograms after age 40 for early breast cancer detection. 2. Mammograms are most effective for women aged 40 and older in detecting breast cancer. 3. Regular mammograms can help detect breast cancer at an early stage, improving treatment outcomes. Summary of why other choices are incorrect: B: Mammograms should start at age 40, not after the birth of the first child. C: Mammograms are not recommended after the first menstrual period; they should start at age 40. D: Mammograms should be done annually after age 40, not every 3 years between ages 20 and 40.