Why is acute pain said to be protective in nature?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Acute pain's protective role lies in its signaling function. 'It warns an individual of tissue damage or disease' is correct because it acts as an alarme.g., a sharp stab from appendicitis prompts seeking care, per Taylor's pain physiology. This nociceptive response, via A-delta fibers, alerts the brain to injury (e.g., a burn) or pathology (e.g., infection), preventing further harm by triggering withdrawal or rest. Choice B, 'increase personal strength,' is false; pain doesn't build resilience biologicallye.g., enduring a fracture doesn't fortify bones. Choice C, 'it serves no purpose,' dismisses its evolutionary role; without pain, unnoticed injuries (e.g., cuts) could fester. Choice D, 'aids diagnosis,' is a secondary benefite.g., physicians use it to locate issuesbut not its primary protective nature, which is patient-driven. For instance, pulling a hand from a hot stove is instinctive, not diagnostic. Acute pain's immediacy contrasts chronic pain's persistence, making Choice A the correct, fundamental reason it safeguards health.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Pain-relieving drugs have a clear label. 'Analgesic' is the terme.g., ibuprofen or morphine reduces pain, per Taylor's pharmacology. 'Antacid' neutralizes stomach acide.g., Tums, not pain-specific. 'Antihistamine' blocks histaminee.g., diphenhydramine for allergies, not analgesia. 'Antibiotic' fights infectione.g., penicillin, not pain. Analgesicse.g., NSAIDs or opioidstarget nociception or perception, a nurse's focus in pain plans. Choice C is the precise, correct term.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Self-concept is a broad self-view. 'Self-image' best describes ite.g., 'I'm tall, smart,' encompassing identity, per Taylor's psychology, as the total perception. 'Self-esteem' is valuee.g., 'I'm worthy,' a part, not whole. 'Self-actualization' , Maslow's peake.g., fulfilling potentialexceeds basic concept. 'Self-realization' implies enlightenmente.g., vague, not core. Self-image integrates body, rolese.g., a teen's 'student' labelforming the foundation nurses assess. Choice D is the correct, comprehensive term.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: An infant's realization of physical separation from the environment marks a foundational developmental milestone. 'Self-awareness' is correcte.g., by 6 months, an infant notices their hand moves independently of a crib, per Taylor's developmental psychology, forming the earliest self-concept layer. 'Self-recognition' emerges latere.g., at 18 months, passing the mirror test, identifying 'me' visually, not just physically. 'Self-definition' involves traitse.g., 'I'm smart,' a preschool skill, not infancy. 'Self-concept' is the broader outcomee.g., encompassing identity and esteem, built over years, not a stage. For instance, an infant batting a mobile senses 'I caused that,' distinct from external objects, a precursor to later self-understanding. Nurses observe this in reflexes or object permanence tasks, per Piaget's sensorimotor stage, where self-awareness begins the self-concept journey. Choice A precisely names this initial differentiation, making it the correct answer.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Moral principles tie to esteem's roots. 'Virtue' is assessede.g., 'I value honesty' reflects worth via ethics, per Taylor's Coopersmith model, amid divorce's upheaval. 'Significance' is external valuee.g., 'I'm needed,' not morals. 'Power' is influencee.g., 'I control,' not principles. 'Competence' is skille.g., 'I'm good at,' not ethics. A woman saying 'I stay fair'e.g., despite betrayalshows virtue bolstering esteem, a nursing focus for resilience. Choice B is the correct aspect.