Why does the nurse administer non-narcotic analgesics to a client with thrombophlebitis?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B) To interfere with platelet aggregation. Administering non-narcotic analgesics to a client with thrombophlebitis helps to reduce pain and inflammation associated with the condition. Non-narcotic analgesics, such as NSAIDs, work by inhibiting the aggregation of platelets, which play a crucial role in the formation of blood clots. By interfering with platelet aggregation, these medications help prevent the formation of clots in the affected vein, reducing the risk of complications such as deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism. Option A) To inhibit prostaglandin is incorrect because while prostaglandins are involved in the inflammatory response and pain sensation, they are not the primary target for non-narcotic analgesics in the context of thrombophlebitis. Option C) Release of endorphins is incorrect as endorphins are the body's natural painkillers and are not directly related to the mechanism of action of non-narcotic analgesics in this scenario. Option D) Release of cellular chemicals is a vague and non-specific option that does not directly address the rationale behind administering non-narcotic analgesics in thrombophlebitis. Educationally, understanding the rationale for using non-narcotic analgesics in thrombophlebitis is crucial for nurses to provide effective pain management and prevent complications associated with clot formation. By grasping the mechanism of action of these medications, nurses can make informed decisions and provide safe and holistic care to their patients with thrombophlebitis.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is option C: Nurse monitors postural changes in BP. This nursing intervention is crucial in preventing falls in clients, especially those with cardiovascular issues. Postural changes in blood pressure can indicate orthostatic hypotension, a common risk factor for falls in the elderly or individuals with cardiovascular conditions. By monitoring for changes in BP upon position changes, nurses can identify potential dizziness or lightheadedness that could lead to a fall. Option A is incorrect as monitoring for chest pain and elevated LDL levels is more related to cardiac health assessment rather than fall prevention. Option B is also incorrect because monitoring for swelling and heaviness of legs is more associated with peripheral vascular issues rather than fall prevention. Option D is incorrect as monitoring temperature for mild fever is unrelated to fall prevention in clients with cardiovascular concerns. Educationally, understanding the significance of postural changes in BP in relation to fall prevention is essential for nurses caring for clients with cardiovascular issues. It highlights the importance of thorough assessment and proactive interventions to maintain client safety and well-being. Nurses need to be vigilant in monitoring for signs that could potentially lead to adverse events like falls, especially in vulnerable populations.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C) The saphenous vein in the leg. This vessel is often used for grafting in cardiovascular procedures such as coronary artery bypass surgery. The saphenous vein is preferred for grafting due to its accessibility, length, and ability to handle arterial blood flow. Option A, the basilic and cephalic veins in the arm, are commonly used for venipuncture but are not typically used for grafting in cardiovascular procedures. Option B, the internal mammary and internal thoracic arteries in the chest, are also commonly used for grafting in coronary artery bypass surgery due to their proximity to the heart and their long-term patency. However, they are arteries, not veins as requested in the question. Option D, the radial artery in the arm, is another arterial vessel that can be used for grafting in certain cases, but it is not as commonly used as the saphenous vein in cardiovascular procedures. Understanding the different vessels used for grafting in cardiovascular procedures is crucial for healthcare professionals involved in cardiac surgery or interventions. Knowledge of these vessels helps ensure the success and safety of these procedures, leading to improved patient outcomes.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In the context of Raynaud's disease, the correct patient teaching should focus on minimizing exposure to cold temperatures to prevent vasoconstriction and subsequent symptoms like numbness and pain in the extremities. Covering the hands before going outdoors on a cold day (Option C) is the most appropriate advice for someone with Raynaud's. This helps to maintain warmth and reduce the likelihood of a vasospasm. Option A, recommending a low-calorie diet with specific macronutrient percentages, is irrelevant to Raynaud's disease and does not address the primary concern of cold exposure. Option B, advising adequate water intake, is a generally healthy recommendation but does not directly relate to managing Raynaud's symptoms. Option D, suggesting dietary modifications like avoiding animal fats and specific cooking methods for lean meat, is not directly linked to managing Raynaud's disease either. Educationally, it's essential to emphasize to learners the importance of tailored patient education based on the specific condition. Understanding the pathophysiology of Raynaud's disease and how environmental factors trigger symptoms is crucial in providing effective teaching to patients. By explaining why certain options are incorrect, learners can better grasp the rationale behind choosing the most appropriate response for a patient with Raynaud's.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A) assess the patient's level of understanding of the risks, benefits, and alternatives. This is the most appropriate action because it upholds the principles of patient autonomy and informed consent. It is crucial for healthcare providers to ensure that the patient has a clear understanding of the procedure, including its risks, benefits, and alternatives, before obtaining consent. By assessing the patient's level of understanding, the nurse can address any misconceptions and provide additional information to facilitate an informed decision-making process. Option B is incorrect because it is not appropriate to provide false reassurance about the risks associated with a procedure. It is essential to be transparent and honest with the patient and their family members. Option C is incorrect as it does not address the specific issue of ensuring informed consent. While emotional support is important, the primary focus should be on ensuring that the patient has a comprehensive understanding of the procedure. Option D is also incorrect as performing a neurologic assessment is not the most relevant action in this scenario. The priority should be on assessing the patient's understanding of the procedure to facilitate informed decision-making. In an educational context, this question highlights the importance of informed consent in healthcare decision-making. It emphasizes the role of healthcare providers in ensuring that patients have the necessary information to make autonomous choices about their care. It also underscores the significance of effective communication and patient education in promoting patient safety and well-being.