Why do we not call unintentional injuries “accidents”?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because referring to unintentional injuries as "accidents" may imply that they were unavoidable or could not have been prevented. By not using the term "accidents," it emphasizes the importance of preventive measures and encourages a proactive approach to safety. Choice A is incorrect as fault may still exist in unintentional injuries. Choice C is incorrect, as accidents, by definition, are not intentional. Choice D is incorrect as legal precedent does not dictate the terminology used for unintentional injuries.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: job rotation. Job rotation involves periodically shifting employees between different roles to reduce monotony, prevent overuse injuries, and provide variety. This intervention can help improve occupational health and safety by reducing the risk of musculoskeletal disorders, fatigue, and burnout. Skills training (B) focuses on enhancing employees' abilities but may not directly address safety concerns. Workstation redesign (C) aims to optimize ergonomics but may not impact overall safety. Forming a safety committee (D) is important for promoting a safety culture but is not a direct behavioural intervention for improving occupational health and safety.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Antecedent → Behaviour → Consequence. This model is known as the ABC model of behavior analysis. The antecedent triggers the behavior, which is followed by a consequence. This model is widely used in behavioral programming in the workplace as it helps understand and modify employee behaviors effectively. The antecedent sets the stage for the behavior to occur, the behavior itself is the observable action, and the consequence reinforces or discourages the behavior. Explanation for why the other choices are incorrect: A: Trigger → Behaviour → Reward - This model does not include the consequence element, which is crucial in understanding behavior. B: Trigger → Consequence → Behaviour - The consequence should follow the behavior, not come before it. This model is out of sequence. D: Antecedent → Behaviour → Reward - This model misses the important step of analyzing the consequences of behavior.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: They were given a more specific goal. This goal-setting technique, known as SMART goals, emphasizes the importance of setting specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound objectives. By providing a clear and specific goal for attending the health and safety training session, the first group of staff members had a clearer understanding of what was expected of them, leading to higher attendance rates. The other choices (A, C, D) are not as directly related to the specific goal-setting technique that contributed to the higher attendance in the first group.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: actual safety climate. Safety climate refers to the shared perceptions among employees regarding safety-related policies, procedures, and practices within an organization. Research has shown that a positive safety climate, where there is a strong emphasis on safety and employees feel supported in prioritizing safety, leads to safer work behaviors. Actual safety climate directly influences employees' attitudes and behaviors towards safety, ultimately impacting their actions in the workplace. A: Safety compliance focuses more on following rules and regulations rather than creating a positive safety culture. B: Safety participation is related to employees' involvement in safety activities, but it does not capture the overall safety culture within the organization. D: Perceived safety climate is about employees' perceptions of safety, which may not always align with the actual safety practices and policies in place.