Who is considered to be the founder of professional nursing?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Florence Nightingale is recognized as the founder of professional nursing due to her work in establishing nursing standards and education.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: A walker. A patient with upper body strength and balance should use a walker for optimal support and stability during ambulation. Walkers provide the most support and weight-bearing assistance among the options listed, making them suitable for individuals with these capabilities. Canes and crutches may not offer sufficient support, and handrails are stationary and do not provide the necessary assistance for walking. Therefore, a walker is the best choice for this patient based on their strength and balance.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Rationale for choice A being correct: Thorough analysis of various alternatives in the decision-making process allows for a comprehensive evaluation of the pros and cons, leading to a better outcome. This process helps in identifying potential risks, benefits, and consequences associated with each alternative, enabling decision-makers to make a well-informed choice. It also minimizes the chances of overlooking important factors that could affect the decision's success. Summary of why other choices are incorrect: - B: Prolonging deliberations can lead to analysis paralysis and hinder decision-making by causing confusion and delaying action. - C: Simply stating "TRUE" without context or explanation does not provide any meaningful insight into the decision-making process. - D: Simply stating "FALSE" without context or explanation does not provide any meaningful insight into the decision-making process.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Altered mental status and dehydration. In elderly patients with pneumonia, altered mental status and dehydration are often the first symptoms due to age-related changes in the body's response to infection. Dehydration can lead to electrolyte imbalances affecting brain function. Fever and chills (B) typically follow as the infection progresses. Hemoptysis and dyspnea (C) are less common in elderly pneumonia patients. Pleuritic chest pain and cough (D) usually occur later in the course of the illness.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Avoid straining during bowel movement or bending at the waist. After cataract removal with intraocular lens implant, it is crucial to avoid straining to prevent increased intraocular pressure that could lead to complications. Straining during bowel movements or bending at the waist can increase the risk of complications such as increased eye pressure or dislocation of the intraocular lens. It is important to follow this instruction to ensure proper healing and minimize the risk of postoperative complications. Choice A: Avoid lifting objects weighing more than 5 lb (2.25 kg) is incorrect as lifting restrictions are usually not necessary after cataract surgery unless advised by the surgeon. Choice B: Lie on your abdomen when in bed is incorrect as it is not a standard postoperative instruction after cataract removal with intraocular lens implant. Choice C: Keep rooms brightly lit is incorrect as it is not a specific discharge instruction related to cataract surgery.