Who among the passengers will take PRIORITY for the rescue team to transport to the hospital?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In emergency situations, pregnant women are typically given priority when it comes to transportation to the hospital. This is because they have unique medical needs and potential complications that require immediate attention. It is important to ensure the well-being of both the mother and the unborn child. Additionally, the health and safety of the unborn child are critical considerations in determining priority for medical treatment and transport. Therefore, the pregnant woman should be the priority for the rescue team to transport to the hospital.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Cryptosporidium parvum is a parasite commonly found in contaminated water sources such as streams or lakes. It causes an infection called cryptosporidiosis, which often presents with symptoms like watery diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and nausea. The oocysts of Cryptosporidium parvum can be identified in stool samples, making it the likely culprit in this scenario. Giardia lamblia, another common waterborne parasite, can also cause similar symptoms but is characterized by trophozoites rather than oocysts in stool samples. Entamoeba histolytica is associated with amoebic dysentery and does not typically present with watery diarrhea. Cyclospora cayetanensis is another parasite causing gastrointestinal symptoms but is not as commonly associated with contaminated water sources as Cryptosporidium parvum.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: When following the APA style, the recommended word count for an abstract is typically between 150 to 250 words. An abstract should serve as a concise summary of the main points of a research paper, providing the reader with a preview of the content without going into excessive detail. Keeping the abstract within the specified word range ensures that it effectively captures the essence of the paper while remaining clear and succinct.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The described presentation of a painless, slowly enlarging mass in the right neck just above the clavicle, along with the cytology findings of clusters of polygonal cells with clear cytoplasm and centrally located nuclei, is classic for parathyroid adenoma. Parathyroid adenomas are benign tumors arising from one of the parathyroid glands, which are typically located in the neck region close to the thyroid gland. The clear cytoplasm and centrally located nuclei of the cells are characteristic histological features of parathyroid adenomas. This condition can often lead to hyperparathyroidism, characterized by increased levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH) and hypercalcemia. Treatment involves surgical removal of the adenoma.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The presence of ecchymosis (bruising) and significant swelling in the perineum despite analgesic medication suggests a potential complication such as a hematoma. A hematoma is a collection of blood that can occur due to trauma or during childbirth. It is important to notify the healthcare provider immediately so that further assessment and interventions, such as drainage of the hematoma, can be initiated promptly to prevent complications and alleviate the client's pain. Applying ice packs or encouraging the client to sit on a donut cushion may provide temporary relief but will not address the underlying issue of a potentially serious hematoma. Administering additional analgesic medication may not be effective in this case if the pain is primarily due to the hematoma. Prompt notification of the healthcare provider is crucial for proper management of this situation.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The appropriate initial management for a conscious patient experiencing a syncopal episode (fainting) is to provide reassurance and assist the patient to a lying position. This is important to ensure adequate blood flow to the brain and to prevent further injury in case the patient faints again. Elevating the legs above the level of the heart is not recommended as a routine intervention for syncope. Administering intravenous fluids rapidly is not usually needed in the initial management of syncope without signs of dehydration or significant bleeding. Administering oxygen via nasal cannula is not necessary for most cases of syncope unless there are specific indications such as signs of respiratory distress.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Accurate documentation, whether done manually or electronically by health care professionals, is a critical component of information management in a health care delivery system. Information management involves the collection, storage, processing, and sharing of data to support decision-making and ensure quality care for patients. Properly documented records enable health care providers to have access to relevant information about a patient's medical history, treatment plans, and progress. This helps in delivering effective and coordinated care, reducing medical errors, and improving overall patient outcomes. Moreover, well-kept records are essential for legal and regulatory compliance, billing, quality assessment, and research purposes. Therefore, accurate documentation plays a key role in information management within the healthcare setting.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are commonly prescribed for conditions involving excessive stomach acid production, such as peptic ulcer disease. One of the potential adverse effects of PPIs, such as omeprazole or pantoprazole, is the risk of hypokalemia. Hypokalemia is a condition characterized by low levels of potassium in the bloodstream. Prolonged use of PPIs can inhibit the absorption of potassium in the intestines, leading to a decrease in potassium levels in the body. Hypokalemia can present with symptoms such as muscle weakness, fatigue, irregular heartbeat, and in severe cases, it can result in life-threatening complications like cardiac arrhythmias. Therefore, it is essential for the nurse to closely monitor the patient for signs and symptoms of hypokalemia while on PPI therapy, especially if the patient is at risk for developing electrolyte imbalances.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Long-term corticosteroid use in patients with rheumatoid arthritis can lead to osteoporosis, which is a common complication. Osteoporosis causes weakening of the bones, increasing the risk of fractures, particularly in weight-bearing bones such as the hip, spine, and wrist. Osteoporotic fractures are a significant concern in patients on long-term corticosteroid therapy, highlighting the importance of monitoring bone health and considering preventive measures such as calcium, Vitamin D supplementation, and regular bone density testing. While osteonecrosis of the femoral head and avascular necrosis of the talus can also occur as complications of corticosteroid use, osteoporotic fractures are more commonly associated with this type of therapy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Septic arthritis, on the other hand, is not directly related to corticosteroid use but can occur due to other factors such as joint infections.