ATI RN
ATI Mental Health Final Questions
Question 1 of 9
While the nurse is caring for a hospitalized client in the advanced stages of Alzheimer's disease, the client begins to have a catastrophic reaction to feeding himself. Which of the following should the nurse do first?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Remain calm and reassuring. In this situation, the nurse should first prioritize maintaining a calm and reassuring presence to help de-escalate the situation. Remaining calm can help prevent further agitation in the client. Restraining the client (B) could escalate the situation and should only be used as a last resort for safety. Drawing the curtains (C) may not address the immediate issue of the client's distress. Offering to feed the client (D) may be a helpful intervention, but establishing a calm environment and approach should come first.
Question 2 of 9
The nurse is assessing a client who is taking paliperidone. What is true regarding this medication?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because paliperidone is a second-generation antipsychotic known for having a lower risk of causing extrapyramidal side effects like dystonia compared to first-generation antipsychotics. This is due to its mechanism of action and receptor profile. Choice A is incorrect as neutropenia is not a common side effect of paliperidone. Choice B is incorrect as paliperidone is available in both oral and long-acting injectable forms. Choice C is incorrect as paliperidone is a second-generation antipsychotic, not a first-generation antipsychotic.
Question 3 of 9
A nurse is providing care to a client with antisocial personality disorder. As part of the plan of care, the client is to participate in a problem-solving group. The nurse understands that this intervention is effective based on which rationale?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because participating in a problem-solving group helps reinforce self-responsibility in clients with antisocial personality disorder. By actively engaging in the group and contributing to solving problems, the client learns to take ownership of their actions and decisions. This can lead to increased accountability and self-awareness. Explanation for why other choices are incorrect: A: Developing attachments is not the primary goal of a problem-solving group for clients with antisocial personality disorder. B: While setting boundaries is important, it is not the main focus of a problem-solving group. D: Avoiding confrontation about dysfunctional patterns does not promote growth and self-responsibility, which is the main goal of the intervention.
Question 4 of 9
A Red Cross nurse is working with tornado victims. The nurse is interviewing a woman whose house was totally destroyed during the night by the tornado; the woman's pet poodle died as a result of the tornado. Which of the following would the nurse most likely expect to hear from the woman?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. The nurse would most likely expect to hear the woman express shock and numbness due to the traumatic event. This response aligns with the concept of psychological numbing, which is a common immediate reaction to severe trauma. The woman's statement of not being able to feel anything and nothing seeming real indicates a dissociative response, which is a typical initial coping mechanism in such situations. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they primarily focus on emotional devastation, practical concerns (insurance claim), and grief over the loss of the pet poodle, respectively. While these responses are valid emotional reactions, they do not reflect the typical immediate psychological response to a traumatic event like the one described. In contrast, choice A captures the expected initial shock and numbness often experienced in such circumstances.
Question 5 of 9
The nurse is reviewing the medical record of a forensic client who has been found not guilty by reason of insanity. The nurse interprets this to mean which of the following?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because a verdict of not guilty by reason of insanity indicates that the client was unable to control their actions at the time of the crime due to a mental illness. This verdict focuses on the client's mental state during the commission of the offense, rather than their knowledge of right or wrong (Choice A), ability to assist in their defense (Choice C), or the role of mental illness in the crime (Choice D). Therefore, option B directly aligns with the legal concept of insanity defense, which emphasizes lack of control over actions as a result of mental illness.
Question 6 of 9
A patient with depression asks the nurse about possible herbal supplements. Which of the following would the nurse identify as being commonly used?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: St. John's wort. St. John's wort is commonly used for treating depression due to its potential antidepressant effects. It works by increasing the levels of serotonin in the brain. Valerian (A) is primarily used for insomnia and anxiety. Kava (C) is used for anxiety and stress, not depression. Melatonin (D) is used for sleep disorders, not depression. Therefore, St. John's wort is the most appropriate choice for a patient with depression.
Question 7 of 9
While the nurse is caring for a hospitalized client in the advanced stages of Alzheimer's disease, the client begins to have a catastrophic reaction to feeding himself. Which of the following should the nurse do first?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Remain calm and reassuring. In this situation, the nurse should first prioritize maintaining a calm and reassuring presence to help de-escalate the situation. Remaining calm can help prevent further agitation in the client. Restraining the client (B) could escalate the situation and should only be used as a last resort for safety. Drawing the curtains (C) may not address the immediate issue of the client's distress. Offering to feed the client (D) may be a helpful intervention, but establishing a calm environment and approach should come first.
Question 8 of 9
When reviewing the evolution of mental health and illness care, which event is associated with mental disorders beginning to be viewed as illnesses requiring treatment?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Establishment of Pennsylvania Hospital in Philadelphia. This is because the Pennsylvania Hospital, founded in 1751, was the first institution in America to treat mental illness as a medical condition requiring specialized care. Prior to this, mental disorders were often viewed as signs of moral failing or demonic possession. The hospital's approach paved the way for the medicalization of mental health and the development of psychiatric treatment. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because: B: Quaker establishment of asylums, while important for providing care to those with mental illness, did not necessarily view mental disorders as medical conditions requiring treatment. C: Creation of the state hospital system, although significant in expanding access to mental health care, did not necessarily mark the shift towards treating mental disorders as medical illnesses. D: Freud's views on the causes of mental illnesses, while influential in shaping the field of psychiatry, focused more on psychological and unconscious factors rather than the medicalization of mental health care.
Question 9 of 9
A female patient diagnosed with schizophrenia has been prescribed a first-generation antipsychotic medication. What information should the nurse provide to the patient regarding her signs and symptoms?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: She should experience a reduction in hallucinations. Rationale: 1. First-generation antipsychotic medications are primarily used to target positive symptoms of schizophrenia, such as hallucinations. 2. These medications work by blocking dopamine receptors in the brain, which can help reduce hallucinations. 3. Memory problems, depressive episodes, and social interactions are not directly addressed by first-generation antipsychotics. 4. Therefore, the nurse should inform the patient that the medication is likely to help reduce her hallucinations, leading to an improvement in her symptoms.