While team effort is needed in the OR for efficient and quality patient care delivery, we should limit the number of people in the room for infection control. Who comprise this team?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. In the operating room (OR), the team typically consists of the surgeon, assistants, scrub nurse, circulating nurse, and anesthesiologist. 1. Surgeon: Leads the surgical team and performs the procedure. 2. Assistants: Assist the surgeon during the procedure. 3. Scrub nurse: Provides sterile instruments and supplies to the surgical team. 4. Circulating nurse: Manages the overall OR environment, including infection control. 5. Anesthesiologist: Administers anesthesia and monitors the patient's vital signs. Other choices are incorrect: A: Includes a radiologist and an orderly, who are not typically part of the surgical team in the OR. C: Includes a pathologist, who is not usually present during surgery. D: Includes an intern, who may not have a defined role in the surgical team.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Monitor vital signs every 2 hours. This is important in assessing the client's condition post-gastrointestinal bleeding, as vital signs can indicate changes in the client's health status. Monitoring every 2 hours allows for timely detection of any complications or deterioration. A: Planning for 8 hours of uninterrupted sleep is important, but monitoring vital signs takes precedence in this situation. C: Ensuring the client takes food and medications as prescribed is important for recovery, but monitoring vital signs is more immediate for detecting complications. D: Providing milk every 2-3 hours is not indicated post-gastrointestinal bleeding and could potentially worsen the client's condition.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Decreased vital capacity. As individuals age, their vital capacity decreases due to a combination of factors such as reduced lung elasticity, weaker respiratory muscles, and decreased lung compliance. This results in a reduced ability to take deep breaths and expel air efficiently. Shallow respirations in the absence of distress indicate a normal physiological change in this elderly client. A: Increased elastic recoil of the lungs is incorrect as aging leads to decreased lung elasticity. B: Increased number of functional capillaries in the alveoli is incorrect as capillary density in the lungs tends to decrease with age. C: Decreased residual volume is incorrect as residual volume typically increases with age due to reduced lung elasticity.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Avoid straining during bowel movement or bending at the waist. After cataract surgery, it's crucial to avoid straining to prevent increased intraocular pressure that can affect the healing process. Bending at the waist can also increase pressure in the eyes. The other choices are incorrect because A: Lifting objects weighing more than 5 lb can strain the eyes. B: Lying on your abdomen can also increase pressure in the eyes. C: Keeping rooms brightly lit is not specifically related to post-cataract surgery care.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because knowing the client's current health promotion activities will provide insight into their proactive approach to health and potential risk factors. This information is crucial for planning care tailored to the client's current lifestyle and needs. Choices A, C, and D are less relevant for immediate care planning as general health over the last 10 years may not reflect the current status, family history may not directly impact the client's current health, and marital status is not as significant as the client's proactive health behaviors.