While reviewing the head CT scan of a patient following a motor vehicle accident, the AGACNP appreciates a crescent-shaped fluid collection. This most likely represents

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: A crescent-shaped fluid collection on a head CT scan typically represents an acute subdural hematoma. Acute subdural hematomas result from the tearing of bridging veins that lie between the dura mater and arachnoid mater layers of the meninges. This injury often occurs due to significant head trauma, such as a motor vehicle accident. As blood accumulates within the potential space between the dura and arachnoid layers, it forms a crescent-shaped collection that can compress the underlying brain tissue, leading to symptoms such as altered mental status, headache, focal neurological deficits, and signs of increased intracranial pressure. Treatment may involve surgical intervention to evacuate the hematoma and relieve the pressure on the brain.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Hematuria (blood in the urine) is a common associated finding in ureteral colic. The presence of blood in the urine suggests that there may be damage or irritation to the urinary tract, typically caused by the passage of a kidney stone through the ureter. Along with the sharp, colicky pain in the right lower quadrant, the presence of hematuria significantly raises the suspicion for ureteral colic.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Pulmonary embolism and varicosity are common complications of deep venous thrombosis.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Puerperal pyrexia is defined by persistent fever, not any episode during puerperium.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Pulmonary embolism and varicosity are significant complications of deep venous thrombosis.