ATI RN
Biological Basis of Behavior Questions
Question 1 of 5
While monitoring a male client several hours after a motor vehicle accident, which assessment data suggest increasing intracranial pressure?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because a decreased blood pressure from 160/90 to 110/70 may indicate increasing intracranial pressure. This is due to the body's compensatory mechanism to decrease blood flow to the brain, resulting in a lower blood pressure. Choices B, C, and D do not directly correlate with increasing intracranial pressure. Choice B may indicate some cardiac dysfunction, C indicates sleepiness which could be due to fatigue or pain, and D is related to loss of appetite which is not specific to intracranial pressure.
Question 2 of 5
Nurse Bea is assessing a male client with heart failure. The breath sounds commonly auscultated in clients with heart failure are:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Fine crackles. In heart failure, fluid accumulates in the lungs, causing fine crackles on auscultation. Tracheal breath sounds (A) are normal and heard over the trachea. Coarse crackles (C) are associated with conditions like pneumonia, not heart failure. Friction rubs (D) are typically heard in conditions like pericarditis, not heart failure. Therefore, the presence of fine crackles is a key indicator of fluid overload in the lungs, which is common in heart failure.
Question 3 of 5
Virgie with a positive Mantoux test result will be sent for a chest X-ray. The nurse is aware that which of the following reasons this is done?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: To determine the extent of lesions. A chest X-ray is done to evaluate the presence and extent of lesions in the lungs, which helps in assessing the severity of tuberculosis infection. This is important for determining the appropriate treatment plan and monitoring the progression of the disease. Incorrect answers: A: To confirm the diagnosis - Chest X-ray alone cannot confirm the diagnosis of tuberculosis, as other tests such as sputum culture or PCR are needed. B: To determine if a repeat skin test is needed - Chest X-ray is not used to determine the need for a repeat skin test, as the decision for repeat testing is based on clinical judgment and guidelines. D: To determine if this is a primary or secondary infection - Chest X-ray may provide some information, but the distinction between primary and secondary infection is usually based on clinical history and other diagnostic tests.
Question 4 of 5
Honey, a 23-year old client complains of substernal chest pain and states that her heart feels like "it's racing out of the chest". She reports no history of cardiac disorders. The nurse attaches her to a cardiac monitor and notes sinus tachycardia with a rate of 136beats/minutes. Breath sounds are clear and the respiratory rate is 26 breaths/minutes. Which of the following drugs should the nurse question the client about using?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Cocaine. Cocaine is a potent stimulant drug that can cause symptoms such as substernal chest pain, palpitations, and sinus tachycardia. Given the client's presentation of chest pain and racing heart, along with the absence of cardiac history, cocaine use should be considered and questioned. Barbiturates (A), opioids (B), and benzodiazepines (D) are less likely to cause sinus tachycardia and substernal chest pain compared to cocaine. It is important to focus on cocaine as a potential cause in this scenario due to its known cardiovascular effects.
Question 5 of 5
A male client suspected of having colorectal cancer will require which diagnostic study to confirm the diagnosis?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Sigmoidoscopy. This diagnostic study is used to visualize the lower part of the colon and rectum, allowing for direct visualization of any abnormal growths or masses. It is an essential tool for diagnosing colorectal cancer as it can detect polyps or tumors. Stool Hematest (A) is used to detect blood in the stool but does not confirm the diagnosis. Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) (B) is a tumor marker that can be elevated in colorectal cancer but is not diagnostic by itself. Abdominal CT scan (D) can provide detailed images of the abdomen but is not as specific for diagnosing colorectal cancer as sigmoidoscopy.