While distributing meal trays, Shanice gives the wrong meal to a resident who has diabetes. She says that the resident distracted her by complaining about the food. Which defense mechanism is she using?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In this scenario, Shanice's use of rationalization is evident. Rationalization is a defense mechanism where an individual tries to justify or explain their actions by providing logical reasons, rather than acknowledging the real, often unconscious, motivations. Shanice is attributing her mistake of giving the wrong meal to the resident with diabetes to the resident's complaint about the food, which is a way of rationalizing her error. Denial (option A) would involve Shanice refusing to acknowledge that she made a mistake in giving the wrong meal. Projection (option B) would involve Shanice attributing her own feelings of distraction onto the resident who complained about the food. Repression (option C) would involve Shanice unconsciously pushing the memory of the mistake out of her awareness. Educationally, understanding defense mechanisms is crucial in healthcare settings, especially when caring for patients with Alzheimer's disease. By recognizing and addressing defense mechanisms, healthcare providers can better understand their own behaviors and reactions, leading to improved patient care and safety. It also helps in promoting self-awareness and accountability among healthcare professionals.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In the context of care for patients with Alzheimer's disease, hand hygiene is crucial to prevent the spread of infections. The correct answer, option B, states that a nursing assistant should wash their hands for at least 20 seconds with friction. This duration is in line with best practices recommended by health authorities like the CDC to effectively remove pathogens from hands. Option A, requiring at least 25 seconds, is not the best choice because while thorough handwashing is essential, 20 seconds is considered adequate to remove most germs. Option C, at least 5 seconds, and Option D, at least 10 seconds, are too short to effectively cleanse hands. Educationally, understanding the proper handwashing technique and duration is fundamental for healthcare professionals caring for individuals with Alzheimer's disease, who may have compromised immune systems. Reinforcing the importance of hand hygiene helps prevent the spread of infections in this vulnerable population, promoting overall well-being and quality care.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In caring for patients with Alzheimer's disease, it is crucial to prioritize their safety and well-being. The correct answer to the question is B) 2 hours. This is based on the principle of regular monitoring and assessment of patients under restraint to ensure their comfort, circulation, and skin integrity are not compromised. By removing restraints at least every 2 hours, caregivers can provide necessary care such as repositioning, toileting, and hydration, which are essential for maintaining the patient's physical and emotional health. Option A) 3 hours is incorrect because waiting for 3 hours before removing restraints may lead to increased discomfort, risk of injury, or compromised circulation in patients with Alzheimer's disease. Option C) 5 hours and Option D) 4 hours are also incorrect as these intervals are too long to ensure the safety and well-being of patients under restraint. Prolonged use of restraints without regular checks and care can result in skin breakdown, muscle weakness, and increased agitation or resistance from the patient. Educationally, understanding the importance of frequent monitoring and care for patients with Alzheimer's disease not only promotes their physical health but also contributes to maintaining their dignity and quality of life. It is essential for caregivers and healthcare professionals to prioritize individualized care practices that support the unique needs of each patient, including those requiring restraint, to ensure a safe and compassionate care environment.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In the context of caring for patients with Alzheimer's Disease, it is crucial for nursing assistants to have a clear understanding of their role during code team procedures. The correct answer, D) Give chest compressions during CPR, is the most appropriate action for a nursing assistant during a code situation. Performing chest compressions is a critical component of CPR and can significantly increase the chances of survival for a patient in cardiac arrest. Option A) Giving a resident oxygen is typically the responsibility of a licensed healthcare provider such as a nurse or respiratory therapist. Nursing assistants may assist in providing supplemental oxygen but are not usually tasked with initiating this intervention during a code situation. Option B) Calling the resident's family is an important task, but during a code situation, the focus should be on providing immediate life-saving interventions rather than contacting family members. Option C) Working with the suction machine may be necessary in certain situations, but during a code, the priority is to perform CPR and other resuscitative measures to support the patient's vital functions. Educationally, understanding the specific roles and responsibilities of healthcare team members during emergency situations is essential for providing safe and effective care to patients with Alzheimer's Disease. Nursing assistants need to be trained to respond appropriately during code team procedures to ensure the best possible outcomes for their patients.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In the care of patients with Alzheimer's Disease, it is crucial to maintain a clean and safe environment to prevent infections and promote overall well-being. The correct answer, C) When a resident is transferred or discharged, is the most appropriate because it aligns with infection control practices and ensures the health and safety of both current and incoming residents. Cleaning and disinfecting a unit when a resident is transferred or discharged helps to prevent the spread of pathogens to other residents. It also ensures that the incoming resident is entering a clean and sanitized environment, reducing their risk of acquiring infections. This practice is essential in healthcare settings, especially in caring for vulnerable populations like those with Alzheimer's Disease who may have compromised immune systems. Option A) Every day may not be necessary unless there are specific infection control concerns or a high turnover of residents in the unit. Cleaning daily can be resource-intensive and may not always be practical or cost-effective. Option B) When the resident has visitors is important for maintaining a welcoming and comfortable environment but may not directly relate to infection control protocols. While visitor hygiene is important, cleaning and disinfecting the unit based on visitor presence alone may not adequately address infection risks. In conclusion, understanding the appropriate timing for cleaning and disinfecting units in the care of patients with Alzheimer's Disease is crucial for maintaining a safe and healthy environment. By following best practices such as cleaning when a resident is transferred or discharged, healthcare providers can effectively prevent the spread of infections and promote the well-being of all residents.