While discussing the science of nursing, the nurse identifies the domain of nursing theory. Which linkages should the nurse provide to describe nursing's paradigm?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: The person, the environment or situation, and health. Nursing theory's paradigm involves these key linkages. The person represents the patient or individual receiving care, the environment or situation includes the context in which care is provided, and health is the ultimate goal of nursing practice. These components are interconnected and integral to understanding the focus of nursing theory. Choice B, stress reduction, self-care, and a systems model, may be relevant concepts in nursing practice but do not encompass the broader perspective of nursing theory's paradigm. Choice C, curative care, restorative care, and terminal care, focus more on specific types of care rather than the foundational components of nursing theory's paradigm.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because designing and implementing a no smoking campaign at the local high school addresses the leading health indicator of reducing tobacco use, which is a priority in Healthy People 2020. This intervention directly targets a key health issue and aligns with the goals of the initiative. A, leading a water aerobics class, does not specifically address a leading health indicator of Healthy People 2020. B, teaching cultural awareness, while important, is not directly related to a specific health indicator. D, providing glucometers, does not address a leading health indicator of Healthy People 2020 and focuses on a different health issue. Therefore, C is the most appropriate intervention in this scenario.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, the 60-year-old homeless person who is an alcoholic and smokes, has the greatest risk for developing community-acquired pneumonia due to multiple risk factors. Alcoholism and smoking weaken the immune system and damage the lungs, increasing susceptibility to infections like pneumonia. Homelessness may lead to poor living conditions and limited access to healthcare, further increasing the risk. The other choices, a 40-year-old first-grade teacher, and a 75-year-old retired secretary, do not have the same level of risk factors as the homeless person. The retired secretary's exercise-induced wheezing may indicate asthma or another respiratory condition, but it does not directly increase the risk of pneumonia as much as the combination of alcoholism, smoking, and homelessness.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why choice B is the correct answer: 1. Identifying populations and individuals in need of healthcare services is crucial for securing funding as it demonstrates a clear target audience. 2. Funding sources want to ensure that their resources are directed towards those who truly need the services. 3. This criterion aligns with the fundamental principle of healthcare equity and accessibility. 4. By focusing on specific populations, the nurse can tailor the program to meet the unique needs of the community. Summary: - Choice A is incorrect as focusing on multiple health problems can dilute the program's impact and make it less targeted. - Choice C is incorrect as evaluating variations in health services is important but not directly related to securing funding for a specific outreach program. - Choice D is incorrect as offering services in various locations is practical but does not address the fundamental aspect of identifying the target population in need.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Rationale: The correct answer is D (11 to 12 years of age) because the MMR vaccine is typically given in two doses, with the second dose recommended between 4-6 years old or 11-12 years old to ensure long-term protection. This timing is based on the child's immune response and disease susceptibility. Options A, B, and C are incorrect as they do not align with the recommended age range for the MMR booster dose. Option B suggests an earlier age range, while options A and C do not provide any specific age range for the MMR booster.