While assisting a full-term pregnant female in delivering her newborn, at what point should the paramedic consider suctioning the infant's nose and mouth?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: When the newborn's head is delivered. Suctioning should be done at this point to clear the airway of any fluids or mucus that could obstruct breathing. It is crucial to suction promptly to ensure the newborn's airway is clear for effective breathing. Choice A is incorrect because meconium staining alone is not the sole indicator for suctioning. Choice C is incorrect as delaying suctioning until after the entire delivery can lead to potential airway obstruction. Choice D is incorrect as drying and stimulating the newborn should follow suctioning to ensure a clear airway and proper breathing.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: An inferior wall myocardial infarction. The ST elevation in leads II, III, and aVf indicates involvement of the inferior wall of the heart. This pattern is classic for an inferior wall MI. The chest pain radiating to the jaw and left arm is also suggestive of cardiac origin. Aortic dissection typically presents with severe tearing or ripping chest pain and may have unequal blood pressure in the arms. Pulmonary embolism usually presents with sudden-onset dyspnea and chest pain, often worsened by deep breathing or coughing. A septal wall MI would typically present with ST elevation in leads V1-V2.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: She is an emancipated minor granted by the court. An emancipated minor is legally considered an adult and can make medical decisions without parental consent. This situation would make the statement true because an emancipated minor has the legal authority to consent to their own treatment. Rationale: 1. Emancipated minors are legally recognized as adults in terms of making medical decisions. 2. Emancipation grants the minor the right to make healthcare choices independently. 3. In this scenario, the patient being an emancipated minor means she can consent to treatment without involving her parents. Summary of other choices: A: Implied consent does not apply in this scenario as the patient is conscious and alert, and the injury is not immediately life-threatening. B: Immigration status is not relevant to the patient's ability to consent to treatment without parental consent. D: Being an orphaned minor does not automatically grant the ability to consent to treatment without parental consent.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: To prevent atelectasis from occurring at the end of exhalation. Pursed lips and sighing respirations help create positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) in the airways, preventing alveolar collapse and promoting gas exchange. Pursed lips maintain airway patency, while sighing helps to recruit collapsed alveoli. A: Incorrect - Pursed lips and sighing are not related to expelling foreign bodies or irritants from the lower airway. C: Incorrect - Pursed lips and sighing are not associated with preventing pleural friction rub or pleurisy. D: Incorrect - Pursed lips and sighing do not directly increase the size of the air sacs in the lungs to improve oxygenation.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Perform diagnostic peritoneal lavage or FAST. This is the priority in trauma management to assess for intra-abdominal injuries like bleeding. External fixation (A) is for stabilizing pelvic fractures, not a priority. Abdominal and pelvic CT-scans (B) and arterial embolization (C) are not immediate actions and may delay crucial interventions. Diagnostic peritoneal lavage or FAST (D) are rapid and effective methods to detect intra-abdominal bleeding in trauma patients.