While assessing a newborn infant for developmental hip dysplasia (DDH), the nurse evaluates which of the following signs as indicating the presence of DDH?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In developmental hip dysplasia (DDH), one knee appearing lower than the other when both legs are flexed indicates a possible dislocated hip joint or hip dysplasia. This finding is known as the Galeazzi sign and is often used as a clinical indicator for DDH in newborn infants. It suggests a discrepancy in leg lengths due to hip instability or malformation. Therefore, this sign is important in helping to diagnose DDH and initiating appropriate interventions early on.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In a vaso-occlusive sickle cell crisis, it is crucial to focus on adequate hydration and pain management. Hydration is essential to prevent further sickling of red blood cells, which can exacerbate tissue damage and pain. Pain management is a key aspect of care as vaso-occlusive crises often cause severe pain that requires prompt and effective treatment. Administering heparin is not indicated in a vaso-occlusive sickle cell crisis as it is primarily used for conditions like deep vein thrombosis. Correcting acidosis and replacing factor VIII are also not typically part of the management of a vaso-occlusive sickle cell crisis.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Before administering digoxin, it is crucial for the nurse to check the patient's pulse rate. Digoxin is a medication commonly used to treat heart conditions such as atrial fibrillation and heart failure by increasing the strength and efficiency of the heart's contractions. However, digoxin can also cause adverse effects such as bradycardia (slow heart rate) or heart block. Therefore, it is important to assess the patient's pulse rate to ensure that it is within the safe range before administering digoxin.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Vernix caseosa is the grayish white, cheeselike substance that normally covers a newborn's skin at the time of birth. It is a natural substance produced by the baby's skin glands while in the womb. Vernix caseosa helps protect the baby's delicate skin from the amniotic fluid in the uterus and acts as a moisturizer as well. It also has antimicrobial properties, providing a barrier against infection. After birth, healthcare providers typically wipe off or gently wash the vernix from the baby's skin during the first bath.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.