While assessing a family system, the nurse uses the structural family system model by Minuchin. The nurse focuses the assessment on which of the following about the family members?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Boundaries. In the structural family system model by Minuchin, boundaries refer to the rules and limits that define the relationships between family members. By focusing on boundaries, the nurse can assess how family members interact and communicate with each other, which is crucial in understanding the family dynamics and identifying potential issues. Emotional cutoff (B) refers to avoiding emotional connections, sibling position (C) relates to birth order and its impact, and family projection process (D) is about parents projecting their own issues onto their children. These concepts are important but not the primary focus of the structural family system model assessment.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: personal health literacy. Personal health literacy refers to an individual's ability to access, understand, evaluate, and communicate health information to make informed decisions about their health. This term specifically focuses on an individual's skills and capabilities in managing health-related information. A: Advanced directives are legal documents that outline an individual's wishes regarding medical treatment in the event they are unable to communicate their preferences. This is not the same as the ability to understand and apply health-related information. C: Organizational health literacy refers to an organization's capacity to provide health information and services effectively to its members or employees. This choice does not address an individual's personal ability to manage health information. D: Information literacy is the ability to access, evaluate, and use information effectively. While this is a related concept, personal health literacy is more specific to health-related information and decision-making.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Boundaries. In the structural family system model by Minuchin, boundaries refer to the rules and limits that define the relationships between family members. By focusing on boundaries, the nurse can assess how family members interact and communicate with each other, which is crucial in understanding the family dynamics and identifying potential issues. Emotional cutoff (B) refers to avoiding emotional connections, sibling position (C) relates to birth order and its impact, and family projection process (D) is about parents projecting their own issues onto their children. These concepts are important but not the primary focus of the structural family system model assessment.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. The nurse should suspect a side effect if the child reports feeling sleepy while taking haloperidol. This is because sedation or drowsiness is a common side effect of haloperidol, a typical antipsychotic medication. Sedation can affect the child's daily functioning and quality of life. Choice B is incorrect as maintaining the same appetite is not typically a side effect of haloperidol. Choice C is incorrect as increased muscle flexibility is not a common side effect of haloperidol. Choice D is incorrect as feeling more alert is not consistent with the sedative effects of haloperidol.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: - Choice C is correct because teaching involves presenting information to enhance understanding. - Teaching aids in promoting client and family knowledge about mental illness. - This empowers them to make informed decisions and participate in treatment. - Choices A and B involve assessment and orientation tasks, not directly related to teaching. - Choice D focuses on maintaining a therapeutic environment, not teaching content.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Severe anxiety. Relief behaviors indicate that the client is trying to alleviate overwhelming anxiety. Severe anxiety is characterized by extreme discomfort and impaired functioning, leading individuals to resort to relief behaviors. Mild anxiety (choice A) typically involves mild uneasiness, whereas moderate anxiety (choice B) involves increased nervousness. Panic (choice D) is characterized by an overwhelming sense of terror and loss of control, which is more intense than relief behaviors suggest in this scenario.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: dysfunctional relationships. Most personality disorders involve difficulties in forming and maintaining healthy relationships, which is a common characteristic across various types of personality disorders. This is due to underlying issues with emotional regulation, impulsivity, and distorted perceptions of self and others. In contrast, fear of attention (A) is not a defining feature of personality disorders, short onset of duration (B) is not typically seen as these disorders are long-standing, and a history of violence (C) is not universal to all personality disorders.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Assertiveness skills. This is the priority focus because individuals with somatic symptom disorder often struggle with expressing their needs and setting boundaries. Developing assertiveness skills can help clients communicate effectively, improve self-esteem, and reduce anxiety related to their symptoms. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as they do not directly address the core issues of somatic symptom disorder. Understanding the causes of medical illnesses may not necessarily improve the client's ability to cope with their symptoms. Positive self-talk is beneficial but may not address the interpersonal challenges often seen in this disorder. Exploring side effects of medications is important but not as crucial as building assertiveness skills for long-term symptom management.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Systematic desensitization. This therapy gradually exposes the patient to their fear in a controlled manner to reduce anxiety. In this case, the student's fear of flying can be addressed by incrementally exposing them to flying-related stimuli, helping them build confidence and reduce fear. Choice A (Psychoanalysis) focuses on exploring unconscious thoughts and childhood experiences, not directly addressing the fear of flying. Choice B (Aversion therapy) involves associating a negative stimulus with the unwanted behavior, which may not be effective for overcoming a fear of flying. Choice D (Short-term dynamic therapy) is a brief form of psychoanalytic therapy, but it may not provide the structured approach needed to address specific phobias like fear of flying.