ATI RN
Chapter 15 The Gastrointestinal System Review Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
While a female client is being prepared for discharge, the nasogastric (NG) feeding tube becomes clogged. To remedy this problem and teach the client's family how to deal with it at home, what should the nurse do?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Irrigate the tube with warm water. This is the correct action because irrigating the NG tube with warm water can help dislodge the clog and clear the obstruction. Here is a step-by-step rationale: 1. Gather necessary supplies: warm water, syringe, and towel. 2. Disconnect the tube from the feeding pump. 3. Draw up warm water into the syringe. 4. Gently insert the syringe into the tube and slowly push the warm water to flush out the clog. 5. Repeat the process as needed until the tube is clear. Other choices are incorrect: B: Advancing the tube into the intestine can be dangerous and should not be done without proper medical supervision. C: Applying intermittent suction may not effectively clear the clog and could potentially worsen the situation. D: Using a 30-ml syringe to withdraw the obstruction may not be as effective as irrigating with warm water.
Question 2 of 5
Mumps is inflammation of the ______ salivary gland caused by a virus.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: parotid. Mumps is inflammation of the parotid salivary gland. The parotid gland is the largest salivary gland located near the ear. It is commonly affected by the mumps virus, causing swelling and pain. Rationale: 1. The parotid gland is the main salivary gland affected by the mumps virus. 2. The other choices, buccal, sublingual, and submandibular glands, are not typically associated with mumps. 3. Understanding the anatomical location and function of the salivary glands helps in identifying the correct answer.
Question 3 of 5
The hydrogen ions that form hydrochloric acid of the stomach come from
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: carbonic acid. Carbonic acid is produced when carbon dioxide reacts with water in the stomach, forming hydrogen ions that combine with chloride ions to create hydrochloric acid. Lactic acid (A), citric acid (C), and acetic acid (D) do not directly contribute to the formation of hydrochloric acid in the stomach. Therefore, they are incorrect choices for this question.
Question 4 of 5
You were able to collect the chyme from the small intestine and isolate the various enzymes. Most of the enzymes would have been produced by the
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: pancreas. The pancreas is responsible for producing various digestive enzymes such as proteases, lipases, and amylases that aid in breaking down nutrients in the small intestine. These enzymes are released into the small intestine to further digest chyme. The stomach (A) primarily produces gastric juices, not digestive enzymes. The liver (B) produces bile, which helps in fat digestion but is not classified as an enzyme. The small intestine (D) absorbs nutrients but does not produce the majority of digestive enzymes.
Question 5 of 5
This region of the large intestine has a simple columnar epithelium in its tunica mucosa, smooth muscle in its tunica muscularis, and epiploic appendages attach to its outer surface. This region is called the
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: colon. The colon is characterized by having a simple columnar epithelium in its tunica mucosa, smooth muscle in its tunica muscularis, and epiploic appendages attached to its outer surface. The cecum (A) is a pouch-like structure at the beginning of the large intestine. The rectum (C) is the final segment of the large intestine before the anal canal (D). The anal canal is lined by stratified squamous epithelium, not simple columnar epithelium like the colon.