Which was the first province in Canada to establish a public health nursing service?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Nova Scotia. Nova Scotia was the first province in Canada to establish a public health nursing service in 1908. This initiative was led by Jessie Ross, a pioneering public health nurse. Nova Scotia's early recognition of the importance of public health nursing laid the foundation for other provinces to follow suit. Summary: B: Ontario - Ontario established a public health nursing service in 1921, after Nova Scotia. C: British Columbia - British Columbia established a public health nursing service in 1919, after Nova Scotia. D: Manitoba - Manitoba established a public health nursing service in 1919, after Nova Scotia.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Assisting the client with activities of daily living (ADLs). This is the best way for a home health nurse to help a client with right-sided paresis following a stroke because it promotes the client's independence and functional abilities. By assisting the client with ADLs, the nurse can help the client maintain their dignity and sense of self-worth while also focusing on rehabilitation and improving physical abilities. Choice A is incorrect because arranging for private duty nurses may not necessarily promote the client's independence and may not address the client's specific needs related to paresis. Choice C is incorrect because teaching self-care may not be feasible for a client with right-sided paresis, and they may require physical assistance. Choice D is incorrect because while teaching the family to assist the client with ADLs is important, the primary responsibility for direct care lies with the nurse in this scenario.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Secondary prevention. The OHN removing a foreign body from a client's eye is implementing secondary prevention. This is because secondary prevention focuses on early detection and treatment of health issues to prevent further complications. In this scenario, the OHN is intervening to address the existing problem (foreign body in the eye) before it can cause any further damage or complications. A: Primary care focuses on providing general healthcare services to promote overall health and prevent diseases. B: Primary prevention aims to prevent the occurrence of health issues before they occur through education, vaccinations, etc. D: Tertiary prevention involves managing and treating existing health conditions to prevent further complications.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Nurse practitioner. Rural areas often have limited access to specialty care, making it more likely for a rural resident with asthma to receive care from a nurse practitioner who can provide primary care services, including asthma management. Nurse practitioners are trained to diagnose and treat common health conditions, including asthma, making them more accessible in rural areas. Incorrect choices: A: Allergist - Allergists are specialists who focus on diagnosing and treating allergies, not all asthma cases require an allergist. C: Pediatrician - Pediatricians primarily focus on children's health, and adults with asthma may not seek care from a pediatrician. D: Pulmonologist - Pulmonologists are specialists in respiratory diseases, often limited in rural areas, making access to them less likely for rural residents with asthma.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Health is an outcome. In the Ottawa Charter on Health Promotion, the focus is on health as an outcome of various determinants such as social, economic, and environmental factors, not just the absence of illness. This definition emphasizes that health is a result of individual and collective efforts to promote well-being. Choice B is incorrect because the Ottawa Charter emphasizes the importance of maintaining and promoting health, not prioritizing enjoyment over health. Choice C is incorrect as it does not fully capture the complexity of health as an outcome influenced by various factors beyond daily activities. Choice D is incorrect as health is not solely about maintaining a stable environment but rather a holistic outcome of multiple determinants.