Which was the first province in Canada to establish a public health nursing service?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Ontario. The rationale for this is that Ontario was the first province in Canada to establish a public health nursing service in 1882. The Ontario government recognized the importance of public health and the need for trained professionals to address health issues in the community. Choice A: Nova Scotia - While Nova Scotia has a long history of public health initiatives, it was not the first province to establish a public health nursing service. Choice C: British Columbia - British Columbia also has a strong public health system, but it was not the first province to establish a public health nursing service. Choice D: Manitoba - Manitoba has made significant contributions to public health, but it was not the first province to establish a public health nursing service.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Secondary prevention. In this scenario, the PHN is engaging in secondary prevention by tracing the sexual contacts of clients with STIs to prevent the spread of infections and provide early detection through screening. Secondary prevention focuses on early detection and intervention to reduce the impact of a disease. Choice A (Primary prevention) aims to prevent the occurrence of a disease before it occurs, while Choice C (Tertiary prevention) involves managing and treating existing conditions to prevent complications. Choice D (Secondary and tertiary prevention) is incorrect as the PHN's activity specifically aligns with secondary prevention only.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because it implies that the parish nurse's role is solely to help clients identify their spiritual strengths, which is a limited view of pastoral care. Pastoral care involves holistic support, including emotional, social, and spiritual aspects. B is not the correct answer as it is incomplete. C is not the correct answer as involving the pastor in ministering to the congregation is a valid form of pastoral care. D is not the correct answer as emphasizing the spiritual dimension of nursing is a key aspect of pastoral care.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Teaching self-care to the client. This is because empowering the client to perform self-care tasks promotes independence and self-esteem. By teaching the client self-care techniques, the home health nurse helps the client regain control over their daily activities. This approach fosters self-reliance and encourages the client to actively participate in their own care, leading to better outcomes in rehabilitation. Choice A is incorrect because relying solely on private duty nurses may hinder the client's independence and self-efficacy. Choice B is also not the best option as simply assisting the client with ADLs does not encourage the client to develop skills for self-care. Choice D is not ideal as it shifts the responsibility to the family rather than empowering the client directly. Ultimately, teaching self-care to the client is the most effective way to support their recovery and enhance their quality of life.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Primary prevention. This activity is focused on preventing vision problems before they occur, making it a primary prevention measure. By conducting visual acuity testing for all students, the CHN aims to identify potential issues early on and provide interventions to promote eye health. Secondary prevention (B) would involve early detection and treatment of existing vision problems, while tertiary prevention (C) would focus on managing and reducing the impact of already diagnosed vision issues. Choice D is incorrect because the activity is primarily aimed at preventing vision problems rather than detecting and treating existing ones.