ATI RN
Burns Pediatric Primary Care Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which vitamin is recommended for all women of childbearing age to reduce the risk of neural tube defects such as spina bifida?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Folic acid is the correct answer. All women of childbearing age are recommended to take folic acid to reduce the risk of neural tube defects such as spina bifida in their offspring. Neural tube defects occur in the early stages of pregnancy, often before a woman even knows she is pregnant, which is why it is important for all women of childbearing age to ensure they have adequate folic acid intake. Folic acid is a B vitamin that helps the body make new cells and plays a crucial role in the development of the baby's neural tube, which eventually becomes the brain and spinal cord. Adequate folic acid intake before and during pregnancy can significantly reduce the risk of neural tube defects. That's why it is recommended for all women of childbearing age to take a daily folic acid supplement or consume foods fortified with folic acid.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for a very low birth weight (VLBW) newborn with a peripheral intravenous infusion. Which statement describes nursing considerations regarding infiltration?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Infiltration of intravenous fluids in VLBW newborns can lead to serious complications, especially if hypertonic solutions are being administered. Hypertonic solutions have a higher osmolarity than the body's fluids, which can cause severe tissue damage if there is infiltration. It is crucial for the nurse to monitor the infusion site closely for signs of infiltration and take prompt action to prevent further harm to the newborn's delicate skin and tissues. The other options are not directly related to the risk and consequences of infiltration in VLBW newborns.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is assessing for jaundice in a dark-skinned newborn. Where is the best place to assess for jaundice in this newborn?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The best place to assess for jaundice in a dark-skinned newborn is in the sclera, conjunctiva, and oral mucosa. Jaundice, which is caused by elevated levels of bilirubin in the blood, is more easily seen in these areas compared to the skin. While jaundice is commonly assessed on the skin in light-skinned individuals, it may not be as readily apparent in dark-skinned newborns. Therefore, examining the sclera, conjunctiva, and oral mucosa for a yellowish discoloration provides a more reliable indication of jaundice in dark-skinned infants. This approach ensures that healthcare providers can accurately detect and monitor jaundice in newborns of all skin tones.
Question 4 of 5
Newborns are highly susceptible to infection as a result of:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Newborns are highly susceptible to infection due to their diminished nonspecific and specific immunity. Nonspecific immunity includes physical barriers such as intact skin and mucous membranes, as well as components of the innate immune system like phagocytes and complement proteins. Specific immunity refers to the adaptive immune response involving B and T cells. In newborns, both these arms of the immune system are not fully developed or mature, leading to increased susceptibility to infections. Additionally, newborns have lower levels of immunoglobulins like IgA and IgM compared to adults, further contributing to their vulnerability to infections.
Question 5 of 5
Which is most likely to encourage parents to talk about their feelings related to their child's illness?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Using open-ended questions encourages parents to freely express their feelings and thoughts without feeling constrained by yes or no answers. Open-ended questions allow for a more open and extensive conversation, encouraging parents to share their emotions and concerns more effectively. This approach can help parents feel understood and supported, ultimately fostering more honest and meaningful discussions about their child's illness.