Which type of test is used for urine density?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Specific gravity test. This test measures the concentration of solutes in urine, indicating the urine density or concentration. Specific gravity test is used to assess the kidney's ability to concentrate urine. The other choices, pH test, glucose test, and occult blood test, do not directly measure urine density. pH test measures the acidity or alkalinity of urine, glucose test detects sugar levels, and occult blood test detects hidden blood in urine. These tests provide different information and are not specific to urine density.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Bronchiectasis. Bronchiectasis is a condition characterized by the permanent dilation of the bronchi due to chronic inflammation and damage to the airways. This leads to a build-up of mucus and recurrent infections. Bronchitis (choice A) is inflammation of the bronchial tubes but does not result in permanent dilation. Asthma (choice C) is a chronic respiratory condition characterized by airway inflammation and bronchoconstriction but does not involve permanent dilation. Pneumonia (choice D) is an infection of the lungs and does not cause permanent bronchial dilation.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Bipolar disorder. Bipolar disorder is a type of depression characterized by mood swings between periods of extreme high energy (mania) and low energy (depression). This is different from the other choices: A) Delirium is a state of confusion and disorientation, C) Obsessive-convulsive disorder is characterized by intrusive thoughts and repetitive behaviors, and D) Hemianopsia is a visual impairment in which half of the visual field is lost. Bipolar disorder specifically aligns with the description of mood swings, making it the correct choice.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Increased appetite. In hyperthyroidism, the overproduction of thyroid hormones can lead to an increased metabolic rate, causing individuals to feel constantly hungry. This results in increased appetite and potentially weight loss. Reduced perspiration (A), weight gain (B), and slowed pulse (C) are not symptoms typically associated with hyperthyroidism. Reduced perspiration is not a common symptom, weight gain is more indicative of hypothyroidism, and a slowed pulse is more commonly associated with hypothyroidism as well due to the decreased metabolic rate.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Weakness of muscles in the feet and ankles causing difficulty lifting the foot is known as foot drop. This leads to a characteristic dragging of the foot while walking. Pronation (A) and supination (B) refer to the inward and outward rolling of the foot, respectively, and are not related to muscle weakness. Phlebitis (D) is inflammation of a vein and not associated with muscle weakness in the feet and ankles. Therefore, the correct answer is C: Foot drop, as it directly addresses the muscle weakness symptom described in the question.