ATI RN
Pediatric HESI Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which type of neuron transmits impulses from the central nervous system to the muscles and glands?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Efferent neurons, also known as motor neurons, transmit impulses from the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) to the muscles and glands in the body. These neurons are responsible for inducing muscle contraction or glandular secretion in response to signals from the brain or spinal cord. In contrast, afferent neurons transmit impulses from sensory receptors to the central nervous system to convey sensory information. Thus, the correct answer is efferent neurons.
Question 2 of 5
A baby is born precipitously in the ER. The nurses initial action should be to:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The initial action that the nurses should take after a baby is born precipitously in the ER is to establish an airway for the baby. This is crucial for ensuring the baby's ability to breathe properly and for their overall well-being. Clearing the airway helps prevent complications such as asphyxia and ensures that the baby is receiving adequate oxygen. Once the airway has been established and the baby's breathing is stable, then other assessments and actions can be taken.
Question 3 of 5
A newborn's mother is alarmed to find small amounts of blood on her infant girl's diaper. When the nurse checks the infant's urine it is straw colored and has no offensive odor. Which explanation to the newborn's mother is most appropriate?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The most appropriate explanation to the newborn's mother is option D, "Some infants experience menstruation-like bleeding when hormones from the mother are not available." This condition is known as neonatal menstrual-like bleeding or pseudo-menstruation. During pregnancy, babies are exposed to the mother's hormones in the womb. After birth, when the hormonal influence from the mother decreases, some female infants may experience vaginal bleeding, which can be seen in their diapers. This type of bleeding is usually benign and resolves on its own without any intervention. It is not a cause for concern and does not indicate any serious health issue. The straw-colored urine with no offensive odor is a normal finding and further supports the explanation of neonatal menstrual-like bleeding in this case.
Question 4 of 5
When evaluating a severely depressed adolescent, the nurse knows that one indicator of a high risk for suicide is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A key indicator of high risk for suicide in a severely depressed adolescent is a preoccupation with death. This preoccupation may manifest as talking about death frequently, expressing a desire to die, or showing an interest in activities or media related to death. It is important for healthcare providers to take any mention of suicidal thoughts or intentions seriously and to assess for other risk factors. While depression, excessive sleepiness, and a history of cocaine use may also be concerning in an adolescent's mental health assessment, a preoccupation with death is a more direct indicator of suicidal risk. It is crucial for healthcare providers to address suicidal ideation promptly and to ensure the adolescent receives appropriate mental health support and interventions.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following organisms is the most common cause of urinary tract infection (UTI) in children?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Escherichia coli (E. coli) is the most common cause of urinary tract infections (UTIs) in children. UTIs in children are most commonly caused by bacteria entering the urinary tract through the urethra. E. coli is a type of bacteria that naturally resides in the intestines but can cause infections when it enters the urinary tract. Children, especially girls, are more prone to UTIs due to shorter urethras that make it easier for bacteria to travel up to the bladder. Therefore, E. coli is the most likely culprit in causing UTIs in children.